uare threads. The nominal diameter of the spindle is 36 mm and the pitch is 6 mm. The friction collar has inner and outer dia

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A sluice valve, used in water pipelines, consists of a gate raised by the spindle, which is rotated by the handwheel. The spindle has single start square threads. The nominal diameter of the spindle is 36 mm and the pitch is 6 mm. The friction collar has inner and outer diameters of 32 mm and 50 mm respectively. The coefficient of friction at the threads and the collar are 0.12 and 0.18 respectively. The weight of the gate is 7.5 kN and the frictional resistance to open the valve due to water pressure is 2.75 kN. Using uniform wear theory, determine: (a) torque required to raise the gate; and (2) overall efficiency.
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