Two morphological variants in a population of medium ground finch on the Galapagos Islands have been found to exist. Individuals of each variant respond more strongly to songs produced by the same variant, and prefer to mate with individuals of their own morphological variant. What type of speciation could be in progress, and what measurements could inform the extent of prezygotic reproductive barriers that have developed? A. Sympatric speciation by sexual selection; survival and reproductive success of hybrids of the two morphological variants. B. Allopatric speciation by habitat differentiation; survival and reproductive success of hybrids of the two morphological variants. C. Sympatric speciation by sexual selection; frequencies of mating and numbers of viable offspring of the two morphological variants. D. Allopatric speciation by habitat differentiation; frequencies of mating and numbers of viable offspring of the two morphological variants.

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Ecological adaptations

An ecological adaptation is any morphological, physiological, or behavioral trait of an organism that allows it to survive and reproduce in a habitat or ecosystem. Adaptation is a biological mechanism by which an organism gradually gets more acclimated to its surroundings.