Two lenses are shown in the following figures. The one shown in figure 1 is thinner from the edges and thicker in the middle (centre) while the lens shown in figure 2 is thicker from the edges and thinner in the middle (centre). ALPHALAS GmbH is a German laser manufacturer. As a high-tech laser company, they are offering a wide range of products in the fields of lasers, optics, and laser-related electronics. You have been hired by the said company and as your first assignment you have to repair a laser machine. During the inspection you found out that a lens in missing in that machine due to which the machine is unable to diverge the laser beam. The purpose of the missing lens is to diverge the laser beam. Now you have only two lenses and you have to select one lens among the two (provided in the figures below) for the said job. Which lens will you select and why? Explain your answer with suitable explanation. Also explain how your recommended lens will diverge the laser beam. Draw the diagram where necessary. Figure 1 atamy alamy Figure 2

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Theory and Design for Mechanical Measurements

Measurement is a term that refers to analyzing a manufactured component regarding the degree of accuracy for dimensions, tolerances, geometric profile, roundness, flatness, smoothness, etc. Measurement always involves comparing the manufactured component or the prototype with a standard specimen whose dimensions and other parameters are assumed to be perfect and do not undergo changes with respect to time.Precisely in mechanical engineering the branch that deals with the application of scientific principles for measurements is known as metrology. The domain of metrology in general deals with various measurements like mechanical, chemical, thermodynamic, physical, and biological measurements. In mechanical engineering, the measurements are limited to mechanical specific such as length, mass, surface profile, flatness, roundness, viscosity, heat transfer, etc.

Basic principles of engineering metrology

Metrology is described as the science of measurement, precision, and accuracy. In other words, it is a method of measurement based on units and predefined standards.