You can determine the index of refraction of a substance by determining its critical angle. (a) What is the index of refraction of a substance that has a critical angle of 49.4° when submerged in carbon tetrachloride? What is the substance, based on this table? crystalline quartz X (b) What would the critical angle be (in degrees) for this substance in air? 1.46

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The Space Lattice and Unit Cells

Every matter consists of atoms, molecules, and ions. If these atoms, molecules, and ions (micro-particles) are represented in a three-dimensional space-occupying certain specific points in space, then these arrangements are termed as space lattices and the specific points which are being occupied by atoms, molecules and ions are termed as lattice points. The atoms, molecules, and ions at the lattice points are generally grouped in a regular fashion and repeat periodically at the three-dimensional space.