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Туре Нere 7. To improve agriculture, many African leaders want to move beyond carried on in small villages by farmers who cannot afford to buy much. 8. Although many jobless Africans lived in Type Here wanted to return to village life. near big cities, few 9. To many African leaders, economic development is the key to the ype Here of their countries.

Туре Нere 7. To improve agriculture, many African leaders want to move beyond carried on in small villages by farmers who cannot afford to buy much. 8. Although many jobless Africans lived in Type Here wanted to return to village life. near big cities, few 9. To many African leaders, economic development is the key to the ype Here of their countries.

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Building Vocabulary The underlined terms in the paragraphs below are from Chap- ter 33. Read the paragraphs carefully. Then complete each sentence that follows by choosing the correct term to fill in the blank. The developing nations of Africa, like other countries of the Third World, face many chal- lenges. A key concern for most African leaders is modernization, or the creation of stable societies that can produce a high level of goods and ser- vices. Improving agriculture is one part of the process. Many Africans practice subsistence farming, which means they produce only slightly more than they need to support themselves. They have little income to spend, and so do little to stimulate economic development. During colonial times, Europeans encouraged the growth of cash crops, or crops for export. But this type of agri- culture has disadvantages, since demand for a cash crop can fall suddenly. In order to build industry, African nations need capital, technicians, and raw materials. Multinational corporations have built factories and supplied technicians in some countries. To prevent these large corporations from gaining too much influence, some African governments own 51 percent of all key industries. As industry spreads, African nations undergo urbanization, or the movement of millions of peo- ple from rural areas to cities. The surge in urban population has created many problems. Often, shantytowns, or makeshift shelters built of scrap materials, spring up on the outskirts of cities. African nations have struggled to preserve sta- ble, democratic governments. Yet, in the 1970s and 1980s, coups d'état, or revolts, were staged by military leaders in many African nations. And, in South Africa, the system of apartheid severely limited the freedom of nonwhites. income to stimulate economic development. Туре Here 7. To improve agriculture, many African leaders want to move beyond carried on in small villages by farmers who cannot afford to buy much. 8. Although many jobless Africans lived in Type Here wanted to return to village life. near big cities, few Туре Here 9. To many African leaders, economic development is the key to the of their countries.
Transcribed Image Text:Building Vocabulary The underlined terms in the paragraphs below are from Chap- ter 33. Read the paragraphs carefully. Then complete each sentence that follows by choosing the correct term to fill in the blank. The developing nations of Africa, like other countries of the Third World, face many chal- lenges. A key concern for most African leaders is modernization, or the creation of stable societies that can produce a high level of goods and ser- vices. Improving agriculture is one part of the process. Many Africans practice subsistence farming, which means they produce only slightly more than they need to support themselves. They have little income to spend, and so do little to stimulate economic development. During colonial times, Europeans encouraged the growth of cash crops, or crops for export. But this type of agri- culture has disadvantages, since demand for a cash crop can fall suddenly. In order to build industry, African nations need capital, technicians, and raw materials. Multinational corporations have built factories and supplied technicians in some countries. To prevent these large corporations from gaining too much influence, some African governments own 51 percent of all key industries. As industry spreads, African nations undergo urbanization, or the movement of millions of peo- ple from rural areas to cities. The surge in urban population has created many problems. Often, shantytowns, or makeshift shelters built of scrap materials, spring up on the outskirts of cities. African nations have struggled to preserve sta- ble, democratic governments. Yet, in the 1970s and 1980s, coups d'état, or revolts, were staged by military leaders in many African nations. And, in South Africa, the system of apartheid severely limited the freedom of nonwhites. income to stimulate economic development. Туре Here 7. To improve agriculture, many African leaders want to move beyond carried on in small villages by farmers who cannot afford to buy much. 8. Although many jobless Africans lived in Type Here wanted to return to village life. near big cities, few Туре Here 9. To many African leaders, economic development is the key to the of their countries.
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