True or False for each question ( ) Guanine, Adenine, Uracil, and Cytosine are commonly found in both DNA and RNA. ( ) The DNA nucleotide sequence was elucidated by Watson and Crick from considerations of x-ray structure data generated by Rosalind Franklin, Chargaff’s rule, and molecular modeling. ( ) The phosphodiester backbone in major grooves in DNA are closer together than in minor grooves. ( ) Major grooves in DNA are often sites where DNA-binding proteins bind. ( ) Base stacking in DNA results in hydrophobic effects and van der Waals interactions that provide stability to the DNA double helix. ( ) Due to stacking interaction, double-stranded DNA absorbs less light at 260 nm than light absorbed by single-stranded DNA. ( ) DNA melting temperature (Tm) for a region of DNA is the temperature at which all of the DNA molecules are denatured to the single-stranded state. ( ) Sequences rich in G-C base pairs have more stability than sequences rich in A-T base pairs due to differences in the number of Hydrogen-bonds. ( ) Sodium ions (Na+) in a 0.1 M NaCl solution of dsDNA bind to phosphate groups in the DNA backbone thus resulting in a Tm decrease. ( ) DNA supercoiling is only found in eukaryotic organisms.

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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True or False for each question

( ) Guanine, Adenine, Uracil, and Cytosine are commonly found in both DNA and RNA.
( ) The DNA nucleotide sequence was elucidated by Watson and Crick from considerations of x-ray structure data generated by Rosalind Franklin, Chargaff’s rule, and molecular modeling.
( ) The phosphodiester backbone in major grooves in DNA are closer together than in minor grooves.
( ) Major grooves in DNA are often sites where DNA-binding proteins bind.
( ) Base stacking in DNA results in hydrophobic effects and van der Waals interactions that provide stability to the DNA double helix.
( ) Due to stacking interaction, double-stranded DNA absorbs less light at 260 nm than light absorbed by single-stranded DNA.
( ) DNA melting temperature (T_m) for a region of DNA is the temperature at which all of the DNA molecules are denatured to the single-stranded state.
( ) Sequences rich in G-C base pairs have more stability than sequences rich in A-T base pairs due to differences in the number of Hydrogen-bonds.
( ) Sodium ions (Na⁺) in a 0.1 M NaCl solution of dsDNA bind to phosphate groups in the DNA backbone thus resulting in a T_m decrease.
( ) DNA supercoiling is only found in eukaryotic organisms.
( ) Topoisomerase I activity involves the reversible formation of a phosphoryl linkage through cleavage and re-ligation
( ) One major structural difference between DNA and RNA is that DNA contains a C-2’ OH group on the ribose ring
( ) If DNA contained uracil instead of thymine as the adenine base pair, naturally occurring uracil would be undistinguishable from cytosine deamination events.
( ) Lac repressor protein binding is an example of not-sequence-specific binding to DNA
( ) Prokaryotic genomes are more compact and their coding/non-coding sequence ratios in their DNA are higher than those in eukaryotic genomes
( ) Looped chromatin is the most condensed form of eukaryotic DNA.
( ) RNA processing in eukaryotes involves the removal of exon sequences.
( ) Exon shuffling and alternative splicing are two sources of genetic diversity in eukaryotes.
( ) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) are regularly used in forensic applications
( ) Transfer of genetic material using plasmids can occur through three different processes: conjugation, transformation or transduction.

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The biological macromolecules are classified as nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates.

The nucleic acids are responsible for transmitting the genetic information from one generation to the next.

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