To investigate the association between eye-colour of husband and eye-colour of wife, the following data are available : Husbands with light-eyes and wives with not-light eyes Husbands with not light eyes and wives with light-eyes Husbands with not-light eyes and wives with not-light eyes Husbands with light-eyes Do you find any inconsistency in the above data? 414 260 238 400
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- What is meant by the sample space of an experiment?Researchers at a local public health office are interested in the difference in prevalence of sickle cell anemia by ethnicity in a population under its jurisdiction. Suppose the following table represents prevalence of sickle cell anemia reported based on a thorough survey. Ethnicity Prevalence of Sickle Cell African-American =242/1049 Other =165/1864 Conduct a formal test to determine if there is a significant difference in the prevalence of sickle cell anemia between the two groups. Write out your null and alternative hypotheses and interpret your results. Use an alpha level of 0.05.4. An experiment was conducted to examine the perfomance (as measured by the mmber of errors made) on a motor skills task. Twenty-four subjects (12 young and 12 old) were assigned to either an easy or hard motor skills task. There were two factors in the study: age (young/old) and difficulty of the motor skills task (easy/hard). The mumber of erors made on the motor skills task was recorded for each person and is presented in the table below Difficulty Easy Hard 3 4 Young 3 Age 10 11 14 Old 4 15 16 4 17 a. State the mull and altemative hypotheses below b. Report the results of the hypothesis tests in #a below. Be sure to express the results in the context of the study and use APA format as appropriate. Sketch, abel and describe any significant interaction(s). (For your sketch, it is fine to make it look like the plot shown in SPSS.) Use a = .05 for each test 659 99
- A particular paper described a study of children who were underweight or normal weight at age 2. Children in the sample were classified according to the number of sweet drinks consumed per day and whether or not the child was overweight one year after the study began. Is there evidence of an association between whether or not children are overweight after one year and the number of sweet drinks consumed? Assume that it is reasonable to regard the sample of children in this study as representative of 2 to 3 years old children and then test the appropriate hypotheses using a .05 significance level. (Round your answer to two decimal places.) Number of Sweet Overweight? Drinks Consumed per Day Yes No 22 930 1 73 2071 2 56 1681 3 or More 102 3389 x2 = | P-value interval Op< 0.001 O 0.001 s p < 0.01 O 0.01 sp < 0.05 O 0.05 sp < 0.10 Op2 0.10 There is --Select--- v to conclude that there is an association between whether or not children are overweight after one year and the number of sweet…19.30 (EX) Color blindness: Color blindness, or dyschromatopsia, is a form of genetic deficiency in color perception. The condition is much more prevalent among males than females, pointing to a genetic connection with the X chromosome. The frequency of dyschromatopsia in the Caucasian American male population is about 8%. However, it is thought that this proportion might be smaller among males of other ethnicities. We want to estimate the proportion of Asian American males who are color-blind. If 0.1 was used for p*, in order to obtain a 95% confidence interval with a margin of error no greater than 2%, or 0.02, the sample size has to be at least [1]. Give your answer as a whole number.4.46 Unemployment and relationship problems: A USA Today/Gallup poll conducted between 2010 and 2011 asked a group of unemployed and underemployed Americans if they have had major problems in their relationships with their spouse or another close family member as a result of not having a job (if unemployed) or not having a full-time job (if underemployed). 27% of the 1,145 unemployed respondents and 25% of the 675 underemployed respondents said they had major problems in relationships as a result of their employment status.(a) What are the hypotheses for evaluating if the proportions of unemployed and underemployed people who had relationship problems were different? (. )Ho: punemployed = punderemployed Ha: punemployed ≠ punderemployed (. )Ho: punemployed = punderemployed Ha: punemployed > punderemployed (. )Ho: punemployed = punderemployed Ha: punemployed < punderemployed (b) The p-value for this hypothesis…
- A researcher is studying the effects of his newly created lens on vision. He samples 9 people with poor vision and measures their visual distance (in feet) with the lens and then without the lens. Did people’s vision with the lens differ from their vision without? Participant # With Lens Without Lens 1 8 14 2 6 17 3 9 12 4 7 11 5 5 12 6 9 18 7 8 13 8 9 7 9 7 13 What kind of analysis will you use? Why? State the null and alternative hypothesis. Check your assumptions. Explain why each of them are or are not met. Sketch a distribution and shade the rejection region(s), including the corresponding critical value(s). Using R, calculate your test statistic and interpret the results of your test. (Don’t forget your 95% confidence interval and screenshots of your work!) What do you conclude about the null hypothesis? Are there significant differences?Is there an association between daily screen time and exercise habits in high school students? Mia selects a random sample of 123 high school students and categorizes them into 1 of 3 categories of screen time and whether they exercise. She would like to determine if there is convincing evidence of an association. Let = 0.05. What are the hypotheses for this test? H0: There is an association between daily screen time and exercise habits in high school students.Ha: There is no association between daily screen time and exercise habits in high school students.H0: There is no association between daily screen time and exercise habits in high school students.Ha: There is an association between daily screen time and exercise habits in high school students.H0: There is no difference in the distribution of daily screen time and exercise habits in high school students.Ha: There is a difference in the distribution of daily screen time and exercise habits in high school students.H0: There is a…Ophthalmology The following data are from a study on Botox injections. Patients received a high-dose injection in one eye (experimental treatment = treatment E) and a low-dose injection in the other eye (control treatment = treatment C). Patients were asked to rate the level of pain in each eye on a 1-10 scale, with higher scores indicating more pain. The assignment of treatments to eyes was randomized. The subjects came back over several visits. Data from the last visit are given in the table below. Effect of Botox injection on eye pain Subject 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Pain score at the last visit Pain in E eye Pain in C eye 1.3 7.3 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 3.5 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 3.0 5.0 0.3 0.0 4.3 USE SALT 8.7 1.4 0.9 9.6 7.9 9.1 5.1 2.2 2.6 7.9 4.4 4.6 9.1 7.4 0.4 0.7 UNİ TANTE ELANIKE Cunnnen win wich to compare the nain score in the E eve vs. the pain score in the C eye.
- 1. (a) Discuss the best suited measures of association under various measurement scales. A 20-year study of British male physicians (R. Doll and R. Peto, British Med. J., 2: 1525-1536, 1976) noted that the proportion wha died from lung cancer was 0.00140 per year for cigarette smokers and 0.00010 per year for nonsmokers. The proportion who died from heat disease was 0.00669 for smokers and 000413 for nonsmokers. i) Describe the association of smoking with lung cancer and with heart disease, using the coefficient of association, and the odds ratio. Interpret. i) Which response (lung cancer or heartdisease) is more strongly related to cigarette smoking?A chi-square independence test is to be conducted to decide whether an association exists between two variables of a population. One variable has six possible values, and the other variable has four. What is the degrees of freedom for the ?2-statistic?The General Social Survey (GSS) asked this question: “Have you attended religious services in the last week?” Here are the responses for those whose highest degree was high school or above Carry out the chi-square test for the hypothesis of no relationship between the highest degree attained and attendance at religious services in the last week. What do you conclude? Make a table by omitting the column corresponding to those whose highest degree was high school. A) Carry out the chi-square test for the hypothesis of no relationship between the type of advanced degree attained and attendance at religious services in the last week. What do you conclude? B)Make a 2×3 table by omitting the column corresponding to those whose highest degree was high school. Carry out the chi-square test for the hypothesis of no relationship between the type of advanced degree attained and attendance at religious services in the last week. What do you conclude? C) Make a 2×2 table by combining the counts…