Threonine Serine-threonine PLP dehydratase Isoleucine NH3 || || CH3- CH,-C-coo- CH,-C-coo- a- Ketobutyrate OH Pyruvate CH,-CH-TPP OValine Leucine Isoleucine Valine Leucine A FIGURE 18.20 Biosynthesis of isoleucine, leucine, and valine. After the serine-threonine dehydratase reaction, one set of enzymes catalyzes the comparable reactions in valine and isoleucine synthesis. In bacteria, each end product regulates its own synthesis by inhibiting a specific enzyme.
Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways
Metabolic pathways allude to the arrangement of chemical catalyzed reactions that lead to the transformation of a substance into the final product. Metabolic pathways incorporate a progression of reaction where the substrate is changed continuously and the transitional metabolites are persistently recovered.
Glucogenesis
Glucogenesis is a metabolic pathway in which glucose is produced from carbon substrates that are not carbohydrates. This process is observed in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria and other micro organisms. The general definition for glucogenesis or gluconeogenesis is as follows,
Propose a mechanism for the TPP-dependent step in isoleucine biosynthesis (see Figure). Draw the predicted product of this reaction.
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