Answered: This problem compares the energy output…

College Physics

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305952300

Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...

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Question

This problem compares the energy output and heat transfer to the environment by two different types of nuclear power stations—one with the normal efficiency of 35 %, and another with an improved efficiency of 46 %. Suppose both have the same heat transfer into the engine in one day, 2.45 × 10¹⁴ J .

Part (a) How much more electrical energy is produced by the more efficient power station?

Part (b) What is the change in the heat transfer to the environment after the upgrade to the more efficient power station?

Expert Solution

Step 1: Given data

The efficiency of the first nuclear power plant is, $eta subscript 1 equals 35 percent sign$

The efficiency of the second nuclear power plant is, $eta subscript 2 equals 46 percent sign$

The heat transfer into the engine is, $Q subscript h equals 2.45 cross times 10 to the power of 14 space text J end text$

Part (a):

The equation $η = W / Q_{h}$ is a mathematical representation of the efficiency of a thermodynamic system. In this equation,

η is the efficiency of the system
W is the output work
Q_h is the heat transfer into the hot reservoir

For the first nuclear power plant, the efficiency can be written as,

$eta subscript 1 equals W subscript 1 over Q subscript h.............. left parenthesis 1 right parenthesis$

Similarly, for the second nuclear power plant, the efficiency can be written as,

$eta subscript 2 equals W subscript 2 over Q subscript h.............. left parenthesis 2 right parenthesis$

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