Theories of psychopathology most often include a bio-psycho-social model where the individual's own genetic make up and unique physical manifestation, their cognitive and other psychological factors and the physical and the social context of the individual contributes to difference between neurotypical and non-neurotypical populations. One commonly observed and often expressed trait of people with attentional deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is that more stimulation is needed to keep one's focus. Persons with the condition often describe needing to scribble while listening to lectures, needing to be physically active while a conversation is going, checking phone for notifications during a movie's calmer parts, etc. You, a research psychologist at a school specialized for non-neurotypical populations, hypothesize that during exams, a little bit of distraction might be better than silence. You randomly select 30 ADHD students and 30 neurotypical students and make them have their exam in either silence, low volume music, or high volume music, 10 for each group. Higher scores indicate better performance. The data are given below. To skip most of the calculation, some summary statistics are provided. Group means are given in the table. At alpha .05, what can you say about your hypothesis? Did music help people with ADHD? How about neurotypicals? Explain your results in simple English that everyone can understand (while being accurate!) SSwithin: 89.12 SSNeurotype: 2.32, SSvolume: 9.78 SSTotal :231.5 Low Volume High Volume 23.5 Silence 29.6 5.9 NT 10.4 25.7 21.2 ADHD

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Theories of psychopathology most often include a bio-psycho-social model
where the individual's own genetic make up and unique physical manifestation, their
cognitive and other psychological factors and the physical and the social context of the
individual contributes to difference between neurotypical and non-neurotypical
populations. One commonly observed and often expressed trait of people with attentional
deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is that more stimulation is needed to keep one's
focus. Persons with the condition often describe needing to scribble while listening to
lectures, needing to be physically active while a conversation is going, checking phone
for notifications during a movie's calmer parts, etc. You, a research psychologist at a
school specialized for non-neurotypical populations, hypothesize that during exams, a
little bit of distraction might be better than silence. You randomly select 30 ADHD
students and 30 neurotypical students and make them have their exam in either silence,
low volume music, or high volume music, 10 for each group. Higher scores indicate
better performance. The data are given below. To skip most of the calculation, some
summary statistics are provided. Group means are given in the table. At alpha .05, what
can you say about your hypothesis? Did music help people with ADHD? How about
neurotypicals? Explain your results in simple English that everyone can understand
(while being accurate!)
SSwithin: 89.12 SSNeurotype: 2.32, SSvolume: 9.78 SSTotal :231.5
Low Volume High Volume
23.5
Silence
5.9
NT
29.6
10.4
25.7
21.2
ADHD
Transcribed Image Text:Theories of psychopathology most often include a bio-psycho-social model where the individual's own genetic make up and unique physical manifestation, their cognitive and other psychological factors and the physical and the social context of the individual contributes to difference between neurotypical and non-neurotypical populations. One commonly observed and often expressed trait of people with attentional deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is that more stimulation is needed to keep one's focus. Persons with the condition often describe needing to scribble while listening to lectures, needing to be physically active while a conversation is going, checking phone for notifications during a movie's calmer parts, etc. You, a research psychologist at a school specialized for non-neurotypical populations, hypothesize that during exams, a little bit of distraction might be better than silence. You randomly select 30 ADHD students and 30 neurotypical students and make them have their exam in either silence, low volume music, or high volume music, 10 for each group. Higher scores indicate better performance. The data are given below. To skip most of the calculation, some summary statistics are provided. Group means are given in the table. At alpha .05, what can you say about your hypothesis? Did music help people with ADHD? How about neurotypicals? Explain your results in simple English that everyone can understand (while being accurate!) SSwithin: 89.12 SSNeurotype: 2.32, SSvolume: 9.78 SSTotal :231.5 Low Volume High Volume 23.5 Silence 5.9 NT 29.6 10.4 25.7 21.2 ADHD
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