the work function for Si was determined to be about 4.85 eV for single crystal samples. What wavelength of light in nanometers is required to detach an electron from Si such that the electron has zero kinetic energy? 1 eV = 1.6019 x 10-19 Joules.
Quantum mechanics and hydrogen atom
Consider an electron of mass m moves with the velocity v in a hydrogen atom. If an electron is at a distance r from the proton, then the potential energy function of the electron can be written as follows:
Isotopes of Hydrogen Atoms
To understand isotopes, it's easiest to learn the simplest system. Hydrogen, the most basic nucleus, has received a great deal of attention. Several of the results seen in more complex nuclei can be seen in hydrogen isotopes. An isotope is a nucleus of the same atomic number (Z) but a different atomic mass number (A). The number of neutrons present in the nucleus varies with respect to the isotope.
Mass of Hydrogen Atom
Hydrogen is one of the most fundamental elements on Earth which is colorless, odorless, and a flammable chemical substance. The representation of hydrogen in the periodic table is H. It is mostly found as a diatomic molecule as water H2O on earth. It is also known to be the lightest element and takes its place on Earth up to 0.14 %. There are three isotopes of hydrogen- protium, deuterium, and tritium. There is a huge abundance of Hydrogen molecules on the earth's surface. The hydrogen isotope tritium has its half-life equal to 12.32 years, through beta decay. In physics, the study of Hydrogen is fundamental.
Solar panels are a technology that utilize the the photovoltaic effect - a phenomenon very similar to the
In the photovoltaic effect, electrons detached from atoms upon the absorption of a photon remain in the bulk material instead of being completely ejected. The electrons freed by the interaction of the sunlight with the semiconductor material creates an electron flow within the absorbing material (typically Silicon) as the free electrons move together around an external circuit. This current, in conjunction with an internal electric field set up by the combination of materials in the solar panel (which can be thought of as a small battery supplying a voltage), allows for the generation of clean, sustainable power.
In 1977, the work function for Si was determined to be about 4.85 eV for single crystal samples. What
To calculate the wavelength of the light required.
Given:
Work function of Si:
Conversion ratio of :
To calculate:
The required wavelength of light:
The energy of light with wavelength is:
,
where,
is the speed of light. The value is:
is the Planck's constant. The value is:
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