The technology underlying hip replacements has changed as these operations havebecome more popular (over 250,000 in the United States in 2008). Starting in 2003,highly durable ceramic hips were marketed. Unfortunately, for too many patients theincreased durability has been counterbalanced by an increased incidence ofsqueaking. The May 11, 2008, issue of the New York Times reported that in one studyof 143 individuals who received ceramic hips between 2003 and 2005, 10 of the hipsdeveloped squeaking.a. Calculate a lower confidence bound at the 95% confidence level for the trueproportion of such hips that develop squeaking.b. Interpret the 95% confidence level used in (a).

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.