The respiratory process involves hemoglobin (Hgb), an iron-containing compound found in red blood cells. In the process, carbon dioxide diffuses from tissue cells as molecular CO2, while O2 simultancously enters the tissue cells. A significant fraction of the CO, leaving the tissue cells enters red blood cells and reacts with hemoglobin; the CO, that does not enter the red blood cells (O in the figure below) remains dissolved in the blood and is transported to the lungs. Some of theCO, entering the red blood cells reacts with hemoglobin to form a compound (Hgb-CO, 2 in the figure). When the red blood cells reach the lungs, the Hgb-CO, dissociates, releasing free CO,. Meanwhile, the CO, that enters the red blood cells but does not react with hemoglobin combines with water to form carbonic acid, H¿CO3, which then dissociates into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions (O in the figure). The bicarbonate ions diffuse out of the cells (O in the figure), and the ions are transported to the lungs via the bloodstream. Blood to the lungs.. Red Blood Cell >to the lungs. Dto the lungs. For adult humans, every deciliter of blood transports a total of 1.6 x 10“ mol of carbon dioxide in its various forms (dissolved CO,, Hgb-CO, and bicarbonate ions) from tissues to the lungs under normal, resting conditions. Of the total CO,, 1.1 x 10-ª mol are transported as bicarbonate ions. In a typical resting adult human, the heart pumps approximately 5 liters of blood per minute. You have been asked to determine how many moles of CO, are dissolved in blood and how many moles of Hgb-CO, are transported to the lungs during an hour's worth of breathing. (a) Draw and fully label a flowchart and do a degree-of-freedom analysis. Write the chemical reactions that occur, and generate, but do not solve, a set of independent equations relating the unknown variables on the flowchart. (b) If you have enough information to obtain a unique numerical solution, do so. If you do not have enough information, identify a specific piece/pieces of information that (if known) would allow you to solve the problem, and show that you could solve the problem if that information were known. Exploratory Exercise–Research and Discover (c) When someone loses a great deal of blood due to an injury, they "go into shock": their total blood volume is low, and carbon dioxide is not efficiently transported away from tissues. The carbon dioxide reacts with water in the tissue cells to produce very high concentrations of carbonic acid, some of which can dissociate (as shown in this problem) to produce high levels of hydrogen ions. What is the likely effect of this occurrence on the blood pH near the tissue and the tissue cells? How is this likely to affect the injured person?