The remnants of an ancient fire in a cave in Africa showed a 1C decay rate of 3.9 counts per minute per gram of carbon. If the decay rate in C-14 in freshly cut wood, is 13.6 counts per minute per gram of carbon, how many years ago did the campfire occur?
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- A 60 Co source is labeled 4.00 mCi, but its present activity is found to be 1.85×107 Bq. (a) What is the present activity in mCi? (b) How long ago did it actually have a 4.00-mCi activity?A sample contains 1.0 GBq of ⁹0 Sr and 0.62 GBq of ⁹0 Y. (a) What will be the total activity of the sample 10 days later? (b) What will be the total activity of the sample 29.12 years later? chain with thee half-life of 131I is 8.04 days.(a) Convert the half-life to seconds. s (b) Calculate the decay constant for this isotope. s−1 (c) Convert 0.550 ?Ci to the SI unit the becquerel. Bq (d) Find the number of 131I nuclei necessary to produce a sample with an activity of 0.550 ?Ci. 131I nuclei (e) Suppose the activity of a certain 131I sample is 6.50 mCi at a given time. Find the number of half-lives the sample goes through in 40.2 d and the activity at the end of that period. (Enter your answer for the number of half-lives to at least one decimal place.)half-livesmCi
- Strontium-90 from the testing of nuclear bombs can still be found in the atmosphere. Each decay of 90Sr releases 1.10 MeV of energy into the bones of a person who has had strontium replace his or her body’s calcium. Assume a 70.0-kg person receives 1.00 ng of 90Sr from contaminated milk. Take the half-life of 90Sr to be 29.1 yr. Calculate the absorbed dose rate (in joules per kilogram) in one year.Experimentally, it is found that natural potassium emits 31 beta particles per second per gram and 3.4 gamma rays per second per gram. With this data, determine the half- life period of K40. (The isotopic concentration of K40 is 0.0118% .)Radioactive iodine-123 has an effective half-life of 12 hours. If a dose with an activity if 1.50 mCi of (superscript)123I is given to a patient for a thyroid test, how much of the 124 I will still be active 36 hours later?
- (a) A wooden artifact is found in an ancient tomb. Its carbon-14 (14, C) activity is measured to be 55.0% of that in a fresh sample of wood from the same region. Assuming the same amount of 14C was initially present in the artifact as is now contained in the fresh sample, determine the age of the artifact (in years). (b) What If? What would be the age of the sample (in years) if the 14C activity were only 32.3% of the fresh sample?A plot of binding energy per nucleon versus the mass number (A) shows that nuclei with a small mass number have А a small binding energy per nucleon, as the mass number increases the binding energy per nucleon increases, and the value for the binding energy per nucleon has a maximum value for nuclei with a mass number around 60. Verify that this is the case by determining the binding energy per nucleon for each of the following four nuclei. (Let the mass of a proton be 1.0078 u, the mass of a neutron be 1.0087 u, the mass of 'He be 3.0160 u, the mass of Li be 8.0225 u, the mass of 2Ni be 61.9283 u, and the mass of 112, Cd be 111.9028 u. Enter your answers in MeV and to at least three significant figures.) (а) ЗНе Review the meaning of the A, Z and N numbers. Review how to find the binding energy of a nucleus and then the binding energy per nucleon. MeV (b) 8Li MeV (c) 62NI MeV (d) 112cd MeVThe radionuclide 32P (T1/2 = 14.28 d) is often used as a tracer to follow the course of biochemical reactions involving phosphorus. (a) If the counting rate in a particular experimental setup is initially 3050 counts/s, how much time will the rate take to fall to 170 counts/s? (b) A solution containing 32P is fed to the root system of an experimental tomato plant, and the 32P activity in a leaf is measured 3.48 days later. By what factor must this reading be multiplied to correct for the decay that has occurred since the experiment began?
- You find a 37.2 g fossilized bone that has an activity of 0.024 counts per second. How old is the bone? Please give your answer in years.iodine 131 has a half life of 8.04 days if you start with a radioactivr I 131 sample having an activity equal to 40 microci after how long is the activity going to be 4cmicrociA radioactive isotope has a half-life of 10 minutes. At the start of an experiment, the activity of a sample of this isotope was 800 counts per second after allowing for background radiation. Calculate how long it would be before the activity fell from 800 counts per second to 200 counts per second. Time min. (Total 2 m