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The Quest for Ammonia Purpose: The purpose of this discussion worksheet is to recognize ways to control chemical reactions by building thermodynamic and kinetic arguments. The problems are designed to help you: (1) recognize how both thermodynamic (AH AS AG, and Ke) and kinetic (Rate, concentrations, E., and k) variables relate to controlling a chemical process, (2) practice interpreting information from energy diagrams, (3) fit data to linearized forms of equations (concentration vs. time data to determine form of rate law and k; and k vs. T data to determine E) and (4) use ratios to quantify comparisons of reaction extent and reaction speed at different temperatures. Task: You are expected to work in small groups on the problems as the instructor guides the pacing of the work. Pay attention to what information is explicitly given, and what information is implied and has to be figured out from how the questions are phrased. Identify key words and phrasings that signal how to approach problems. Ask questions of your group members and the instructor to make sure you and your group all achieve the purposes. Ammonia, NH,, is one of the most important industrial substances in the world. Its synthesis is accomplished taking advantage of our understanding of the thermodynamic and kinetic factors that affect the chemical process. Synthesis and Thermodynamics: Most industrial ammonia is produced by combining Ni(e) and Hrig). Relevant data for this synthesis reaction is listed in the table: ΔΗ Synthesis Process (kd mol) mol) 1/2 N (g) + 3/2 H,(g) NH (g) -45.9 -99.1 1. Justify the signs of AH and AS based on the analysis of the nature of reactants and products 2. Express the equilibrium constant for the process Kr in terms of the pressures of reactants and products. Calculate its value under standard conditions. 3. Build a qualitative graph for AG (T) as a function of temperature T and discuss whether the reaction will be favored at low or high temperatures

The Quest for Ammonia Purpose: The purpose of this discussion worksheet is to recognize ways to control chemical reactions by building thermodynamic and kinetic arguments. The problems are designed to help you: (1) recognize how both thermodynamic (AH AS AG, and Ke) and kinetic (Rate, concentrations, E., and k) variables relate to controlling a chemical process, (2) practice interpreting information from energy diagrams, (3) fit data to linearized forms of equations (concentration vs. time data to determine form of rate law and k; and k vs. T data to determine E) and (4) use ratios to quantify comparisons of reaction extent and reaction speed at different temperatures. Task: You are expected to work in small groups on the problems as the instructor guides the pacing of the work. Pay attention to what information is explicitly given, and what information is implied and has to be figured out from how the questions are phrased. Identify key words and phrasings that signal how to approach problems. Ask questions of your group members and the instructor to make sure you and your group all achieve the purposes. Ammonia, NH,, is one of the most important industrial substances in the world. Its synthesis is accomplished taking advantage of our understanding of the thermodynamic and kinetic factors that affect the chemical process. Synthesis and Thermodynamics: Most industrial ammonia is produced by combining Ni(e) and Hrig). Relevant data for this synthesis reaction is listed in the table: ΔΗ Synthesis Process (kd mol) mol) 1/2 N (g) + 3/2 H,(g) NH (g) -45.9 -99.1 1. Justify the signs of AH and AS based on the analysis of the nature of reactants and products 2. Express the equilibrium constant for the process Kr in terms of the pressures of reactants and products. Calculate its value under standard conditions. 3. Build a qualitative graph for AG (T) as a function of temperature T and discuss whether the reaction will be favored at low or high temperatures

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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The Quest for Ammonia Purpose: The purpose of this discussion worksheet is to recognize ways to control chemical reactions by building thermodynamic and kinetic arguments. The problems are designed to help you: (1) recognize how both thermodynamic (AH AS AG, and Ke) and kinetic (Rate, concentrations, E., and k) variables relate to controlling a chemical process, (2) practice interpreting information from energy diagrams, (3) fit data to linearized forms of equations (concentration vs. time data to determine form of rate law and k; and k vs. T data to determine E) and (4) use ratios to quantify comparisons of reaction extent and reaction speed at different temperatures. Task: You are expected to work in small groups on the problems as the instructor guides the pacing of the work. Pay attention to what information is explicitly given, and what information is implied and has to be figured out from how the questions are phrased. Identify key words and phrasings that signal how to approach problems. Ask questions of your group members and the instructor to make sure you and your group all achieve the purposes. Ammonia, NH,, is one of the most important industrial substances in the world. Its synthesis is accomplished taking advantage of our understanding of the thermodynamic and kinetic factors that affect the chemical process. Synthesis and Thermodynamics: Most industrial ammonia is produced by combining Ni(e) and Hrig). Relevant data for this synthesis reaction is listed in the table: ΔΗ Synthesis Process (kd mol) mol) 1/2 N (g) + 3/2 H,(g) NH (g) -45.9 -99.1 1. Justify the signs of AH and AS based on the analysis of the nature of reactants and products 2. Express the equilibrium constant for the process Kr in terms of the pressures of reactants and products. Calculate its value under standard conditions. 3. Build a qualitative graph for AG (T) as a function of temperature T and discuss whether the reaction will be favored at low or high temperatures
Transcribed Image Text:The Quest for Ammonia Purpose: The purpose of this discussion worksheet is to recognize ways to control chemical reactions by building thermodynamic and kinetic arguments. The problems are designed to help you: (1) recognize how both thermodynamic (AH AS AG, and Ke) and kinetic (Rate, concentrations, E., and k) variables relate to controlling a chemical process, (2) practice interpreting information from energy diagrams, (3) fit data to linearized forms of equations (concentration vs. time data to determine form of rate law and k; and k vs. T data to determine E) and (4) use ratios to quantify comparisons of reaction extent and reaction speed at different temperatures. Task: You are expected to work in small groups on the problems as the instructor guides the pacing of the work. Pay attention to what information is explicitly given, and what information is implied and has to be figured out from how the questions are phrased. Identify key words and phrasings that signal how to approach problems. Ask questions of your group members and the instructor to make sure you and your group all achieve the purposes. Ammonia, NH,, is one of the most important industrial substances in the world. Its synthesis is accomplished taking advantage of our understanding of the thermodynamic and kinetic factors that affect the chemical process. Synthesis and Thermodynamics: Most industrial ammonia is produced by combining Ni(e) and Hrig). Relevant data for this synthesis reaction is listed in the table: ΔΗ Synthesis Process (kd mol) mol) 1/2 N (g) + 3/2 H,(g) NH (g) -45.9 -99.1 1. Justify the signs of AH and AS based on the analysis of the nature of reactants and products 2. Express the equilibrium constant for the process Kr in terms of the pressures of reactants and products. Calculate its value under standard conditions. 3. Build a qualitative graph for AG (T) as a function of temperature T and discuss whether the reaction will be favored at low or high temperatures
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