The molecule FAD is reduced when an ___________ is oxidized to an ____________. In the citric acid cycle we see this as ______________ gets oxidized to ________________.
The molecule FAD is reduced when an ___________ is oxidized to an ____________. In the citric acid cycle we see this as ______________ gets oxidized to ________________.
The oxidization of respiratory substrates such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins to form energy in the form of ATP in the presence of oxygen is known as aerobic cellular respiration. It comprises of EMP pathway or glycolysis, link reaction, TCA or citric acid or Krebs cycle, and Electron Transport Chain.
The pyruvate produced in glycolysis is transported into the mitochondria and converted into acetyl-CoA. The acetyl-CoA entered into the citric acid cycle is converted into citric acid. The citric acid is converted into oxalosuccinic acid to yield one molecule of NADH2 from NAD+. Oxalosuccinic acid is decarboxylated to form α-ketoglutaric acid. The decarboxylation of α-ketoglutaric results in succinyl-CoA and NADH2 formation. The substrate-level phosphorylation (GTP) takes place at the conversion of succinyl-CoA into succinic acid. The succinic acid is converted into fumarate while one molecule of FAD+ is reduced by accepting two H+ and two e− to form FADH2. Fumaric acid is further converted into malic acid, then into oxaloacetic acid to yield one molecule of NADH2.
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