The model shows the process of evolution at work in a population of aphids with varying amounts of pesticide resistance. Select ALL of the requirements for evolution to occur. A) Sexual reproduction must occur. B) The final population is purely random. C) Genetic variation must exist in the population. D) Those with the highest pesticide resistance reproduced. E) Only those with the highest pesticide resistance level survived exposure to the pesticide.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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13) The model shows the process of evolution at work in a population of aphids with varying amounts of pesticide resistance. Select ALL of the requirements for evolution to occur.
 
A) Sexual reproduction must occur.
 
 
B) The final population is purely random.
 
 
C) Genetic variation must exist in the population.
 
 
D) Those with the highest pesticide resistance reproduced.
 
 
E) Only those with the highest pesticide resistance level survived exposure to the pesticide.
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**Title: Understanding Selective Pressure in Evolution**

**Description of Diagram:**

The diagram illustrates the effect of selective pressure on a population, represented by colored dots, each indicating different levels of resistance.

**I. Before Selection**

- The initial population consists of a variety of dots in different colors: yellow, orange, and red.
- These colors correspond to different levels of resistance to a particular selective pressure, which can represent environmental challenges, predators, or other natural factors.

**II. After Selection**

- Following the selective pressure, the population becomes more uniform.
- Only the red dots, which represent higher resistance levels, remain in the population. The orange and yellow dots are significantly reduced or absent.

**III. Final Population**

- The final population is composed predominantly of red dots, indicating high resistance levels.
- This demonstrates how those with higher resistance are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on these traits to subsequent generations.

**Resistance Level Indicator:**

- A color scale at the bottom clarifies resistance levels:
  - Yellow: low resistance
  - Orange: medium resistance
  - Red: high resistance

**Conclusion:**

This visual representation highlights how natural selection favors individuals with traits that confer survival advantages, leading to evolutionary shifts in a population over time.
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Understanding Selective Pressure in Evolution** **Description of Diagram:** The diagram illustrates the effect of selective pressure on a population, represented by colored dots, each indicating different levels of resistance. **I. Before Selection** - The initial population consists of a variety of dots in different colors: yellow, orange, and red. - These colors correspond to different levels of resistance to a particular selective pressure, which can represent environmental challenges, predators, or other natural factors. **II. After Selection** - Following the selective pressure, the population becomes more uniform. - Only the red dots, which represent higher resistance levels, remain in the population. The orange and yellow dots are significantly reduced or absent. **III. Final Population** - The final population is composed predominantly of red dots, indicating high resistance levels. - This demonstrates how those with higher resistance are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on these traits to subsequent generations. **Resistance Level Indicator:** - A color scale at the bottom clarifies resistance levels: - Yellow: low resistance - Orange: medium resistance - Red: high resistance **Conclusion:** This visual representation highlights how natural selection favors individuals with traits that confer survival advantages, leading to evolutionary shifts in a population over time.
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