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True or False
1. a.) The light reactions use NADPH as an electron acceptor.
b.) Fermentation replenishes the cell's supply of glucose.
c.) The majority of sugars must be converted to glucose before glycolysis can begin.
d.) FAD is used as an electron carrier during glycolysis.
Choose one of the FALSE statements from the previous 4 questions and explain why it is incorrect.
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- For cells that are capable of aerobic cellular respiration and fermentation, such as yeast cells, one pathway may be favored over the other in certain circumstances. Which of the following accurately describes an advantage of the fermentation pathway, when compared to aerobic cellular respiration? A) Fermentation is quicker because it does not involve glycolysis B)Fermentation can occur in the absence of oxygen (O2) C)Fermentation generates a higher amoung of ATP per glucose substrate D)Fermentation is less costly for the cell because it does not involve enzymes 10.Which of the following statements best describes the role of NAD+/NADH in glycolysis? A) NADH is used to directly create the phosphoanhydride bonds in ATP.B) NADH is used primarily in substrate-level phosphorylation.C) NADH accepts electrons during fermentation. D) NAD+ accepts electrons. E) All of the above are correct.The true statement is A) O Fermentation is anaerobic respiration B) O The oxygen you inhale is ultimately converted to water C) O Glucose is reduced during glycolysis to form pyruvate. D) OA +AG metabolic process is one that could be linked to ATP formation. E) O None of A-D is true.
- If you were to ferment grapes into wine in an organism that did not have NADH, what would likely be produced from the glucose that is consumed? a) Pyruvate b) AcetaldehydeWhy are electron carriers (NAD+/NADH and FAD/FADH2) so important in the process of cellular respiration? A)NADH and FADH2 are major components of the ETC, so without them, there would be no ETC in the cell. B)They deliver electrons to the ETC, which in turn sets up chemiosmosis, where most of the ATP is generated. C)They separate the electrons from the protons so that the protons can be moved out of the mitochondrion. D)The electrons that they carry are able to directly phosphorylate ADP in order to generate the bulk of ATP in the cell. E) They transport protons across the mitochondrial membrane. 14.An important reaction that must occur in both fermentation and aerobic cellular respiration is A) the reduction of NADH to NAD+. B) the reduction of FAD+ to FADH2. C) the oxidation of NADH to NAD+.
- What metabolic products are formed from pyruvate in each case: a) anaerobic conditions in the body b) anaerobic conditions in yeast c) aerobic conditionsVitamin B3 (niacin) is a component of NAD+ (or NADH). Niacin is acquired through the diet. a) Describe the consequences of niacin deficiency on energy production. b) Invent two strategies a cell might use to maintain energy production under niacin deficiency.The following image is a schematic of the metabolic processes occurring in a plant contained in a closed container. A=Light Dependent reactions B=Glycolysis C=Light Independent Reactions D=Kreb's cycle E=electron transport chain 2a) Use the figure above to explain the conditions in which the oxygen concentration remains constant in the container. b) 2-carboxyarabinitol-1,5-bisphosphate (CABP) is an inhibitor of the enzyme rubisco. Which pathway would this affect most?
- Select the correct statements about cellular respiration (select all that apply) 1) Chemical energy in glucose is transformed to the form of ATP 2)The over all equation for cellular respiration is C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36ATP 3)Cellular respiration takes place in the ribosomes 4) The phases include glycolysis, the kraft cycle, and the electron transport 5) The overall equation for cellular respiration is glucose + oxygen —> carbon monoxide + water + ADP 6) The phases include glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain 7) The breakdown of ATP drives the synthesis of glucoseIf a plant was deprived of glucose, what would happen? Group of answer choices(only one answer) a)Its chloroplasts would no longer function correctly. b)It would perform alcoholic fermentation instead of respiration. c)Photosynthesis would stop occurring, causing the leaves to change color. d)It would make its own glucose and be perfectly healthy. e)It would perform lactic acid fermentation instead of respiration.1) Using the equations for cellular respiration and photosynthesis, explain what makes one pathway overwhelmingly anabolic and the other overwhelmingly catabolic. 2) Write out the equation for cellular respiration in words. What molecule is reduced and which is oxidized? 3) What goes into, and what comes out of the four steps of cellular respiration (glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, electron transport chain)? 4) Differentiate between and describe the three types of phosphorylation as discussed in the lecture and additional narrated whiteboard work available on in your "video material" for the week. You should go into detail here. Go into EXTREME detail with regard to oxidative phosphorylation. That will absolutely be represented in a BIG way on your next exam.