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The group transfer potential is the Gibbs (free) energy of reaction when a group is transferred from a donor compound to a water molecule (i.e. when the group is detached from the donor compound by hydrolysis). 1. Which phosphorylated compound has the highest phosphate group transfer potential? 2. The two following reactions result in the coupling of two reactions. Write the two reactions in each case. créatine-phosphate + ADP Glucose-6-phosphate + ADP 3. What is the coupling element absolutely essential for coupled reactions? 4. For the global reactions, what is spontaneous direction of reaction in the standard conditions? Justify your answer. 5. More generally, what are the necessary thermodynamic conditions for an endergonic reaction to occur? ATP + créatine ATP + Glucose

The group transfer potential is the Gibbs (free) energy of reaction when a group is transferred from a donor compound to a water molecule (i.e. when the group is detached from the donor compound by hydrolysis). 1. Which phosphorylated compound has the highest phosphate group transfer potential? 2. The two following reactions result in the coupling of two reactions. Write the two reactions in each case. créatine-phosphate + ADP Glucose-6-phosphate + ADP 3. What is the coupling element absolutely essential for coupled reactions? 4. For the global reactions, what is spontaneous direction of reaction in the standard conditions? Justify your answer. 5. More generally, what are the necessary thermodynamic conditions for an endergonic reaction to occur? ATP + créatine ATP + Glucose

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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Thermodynamically unfavourable reactions can be “made favourable” if they are "coupled" to strongly exergonic reactions. Some phosphate compounds with a strong tendency to transfer their phosphate group are frequently used in this context. The free energies of hydrolysis of these compounds are relatively very negative (see table below); they are sometimes called "high energy compounds ". The table below gives the standard Gibbs (free) energy of hydrolysis of some phosphorylated compounds. Compounds Phosphoenolpyruvate Carbamyl-phosphate Acetyl-phosphate Creatine-phosphate Pyrophosphate ATP Glucose-1-phosphate Glucose-6-phosphate Glycerol-3-phosphate ATP + créatine A,Gº' of hydrolysis (kJ.mol´¹) - 61.7 - 51.4 -43.0 - 43.0 - 33.4 - 30.4 - 20.8 - 13.8 The group transfer potential is the Gibbs (free) energy of reaction when a group is transferred from a donor compound to a water molecule (i.e. when the group is detached from the donor compound by hydrolysis). 1. Which phosphorylated compound has the highest phosphate group transfer potential? 2. The two following reactions result in the coupling of two reactions. Write the two reactions in each case. ATP + Glucose - 9.1 créatine-phosphate + ADP Glucose-6-phosphate + ADP 3. What is the coupling element absolutely essential for coupled reactions? 4. For the global reactions, what is spontaneous direction of reaction in the standard conditions? Justify your answer. 5. More generally, what are the necessary thermodynamic conditions for an endergonic reaction to occur?
Transcribed Image Text:Thermodynamically unfavourable reactions can be “made favourable” if they are "coupled" to strongly exergonic reactions. Some phosphate compounds with a strong tendency to transfer their phosphate group are frequently used in this context. The free energies of hydrolysis of these compounds are relatively very negative (see table below); they are sometimes called "high energy compounds ". The table below gives the standard Gibbs (free) energy of hydrolysis of some phosphorylated compounds. Compounds Phosphoenolpyruvate Carbamyl-phosphate Acetyl-phosphate Creatine-phosphate Pyrophosphate ATP Glucose-1-phosphate Glucose-6-phosphate Glycerol-3-phosphate ATP + créatine A,Gº' of hydrolysis (kJ.mol´¹) - 61.7 - 51.4 -43.0 - 43.0 - 33.4 - 30.4 - 20.8 - 13.8 The group transfer potential is the Gibbs (free) energy of reaction when a group is transferred from a donor compound to a water molecule (i.e. when the group is detached from the donor compound by hydrolysis). 1. Which phosphorylated compound has the highest phosphate group transfer potential? 2. The two following reactions result in the coupling of two reactions. Write the two reactions in each case. ATP + Glucose - 9.1 créatine-phosphate + ADP Glucose-6-phosphate + ADP 3. What is the coupling element absolutely essential for coupled reactions? 4. For the global reactions, what is spontaneous direction of reaction in the standard conditions? Justify your answer. 5. More generally, what are the necessary thermodynamic conditions for an endergonic reaction to occur?
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