The following is an excerpt describing the Oregon Medicaid lottery: In 2008, Oregon implemented a limited expansion of its Medicaid program for low-income adults through a lottery, selecting names from a waiting list to fill a limited number of available spots. Those selected had the opportunity to apply for Medicaid and to enroll if they met eligibility requirements. Based on the description, you might describe the Oregon Medicaid lottery as a: randomized experiment "As if random" natural experiment a true natural experiment

The following is an excerpt describing the Oregon Medicaid lottery: In 2008, Oregon implemented a limited expansion of its Medicaid program for low-income adults through a lottery, selecting names from a waiting list to fill a limited number of available spots. Those selected had the opportunity to apply for Medicaid and to enroll if they met eligibility requirements. Based on the description, you might describe the Oregon Medicaid lottery as a: randomized experiment "As if random" natural experiment a true natural experiment

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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The following is an excerpt from "The Oregon Experiment- Effects of Medicaid on Clinical Outcomes," by Baicker et al. (2013). Fill in the blank identifying the method used in this paper given the description in the paragraph (I've given you a hint on the key points by italicizing a few phrases): "Adults randomly selected in the lottery were given the option to apply for Medicaid, but not all persons selected by the lottery enrolled in Medicaid (either because they did not apply or because they were deemed ineligible). Lottery selection increased the probability of Medicaid coverage during our study period by 24.1 percentage points (95% confidence interval [CI], 22.3 to 25.9; P<0.001). The subgroup of lottery winners who ultimately enrolled in Medicaid was not comparable to the overall group of persons who did not win the lottery. We, therefore, used a standard______ _approach... to estimate the causal effect of enrollment in Medicaid. Intuitively, since the lottery increased the chance…
Consider the experiment of a toss of two coins. A: observes one head.B: observes two heads. Find P(A) and P(B). Group of answer choices P(A) = 0.1 and P(B) = 0.2 P(A) = 0.25 and P(B) = 0.25 P(A) = 0.5 and P(B) = 0.25 P(A) = 0.25 and P(B) = 0.5 P(A) = 0.5 and P(B) = 0.5
Suppose that I am willing to pay $400 for anti-lock brakes that reduce my chance of dying in a car accident from 9 in 10,000 (0.0009) to 5 in 10,000, (0.0005). Based on this choice, what would be an estimate of the minimum value that I place on a statistical life? Show your work
Indicate whether each of the following examples of behavior is consistent with the way the traditional economic framework suggests people should act, or whether it is reserved for behavioral economists to examine. Consistent with the Predictions of Traditional Reserved for Behavioral Economics Example Economic Models Some people treat $80 they earn differently from $80 they receive as a gift. Some people would be willing to pay money to lower the incomes of others. Some people sacrifice disposable income to help their children pay for college. Some people choose to work fewer hours after receiving a raise at work.
The National Health Service (NHS) in the UK was founded in 1948 and was the first state-run free health service in the world. It originated at a time of national euphoria following victory in World War II, which generated a sense of confidence and solidarity among politicians and public. In particular it was felt that class distinctions were finally disappearing. The extensive rationing of products, both during and after the war, played a big part. Not only did this result in queuing for goods by rich and poor alike, but it gave the government a sense that state control of distribution was not only possible but in many cases desirable. The basic objective was to provide all people with free medical, dental and nursing care. It was a highly ambitious scheme that rested on various premises that have since proved flawed. These were: 1 The demand for health care was finite; it was assumed that some given amount of expenditure would satisfy all of the nation’s health wants. 2 Health care…
In experiments in which participants voluntarily contribute to the provision of a public good, we often find a reduction in contributions in successive rounds of the experiment. We can explain this as Group of answer choices Evidence of participants reaching satiation and not wanting such high levels of the public good. Evidence of participants working out the Nash equilibrium outcome of the voluntary contribution game. Evidence of participants reducing cooperation to punish free riding. Evidence of participants learning how to play the game more effectively.
interest). At what age is the rate of disease development the highest? Source: Adapted from P. Coleman et al., “Endemic Stability―A Veterinary Idea Applied to Public Health," The Lancet 357 (2001): 1284–86. 19. If C(x) is the cost of producing x units of a commodity, then the average cost per unit is c(x) = C(x)/x. The marginal cost is the rate of change of the cost with respect to the number of items produced, that is, the derivative C'(x). (a) Show that if the average cost is a minimum, then the marginal cost equals the average cost. (b) If C(x) = 16,000 + 200x + 4x³/2, in dollars, find (i) the cost, average cost, and marginal cost at a produc- tion level of 1000 units; (ii) the production level that will minimize the average cost; and (iii) the minimum average cost. 20. If R(x) is the revenue that a company receives when it sells x units of a product, then the marginal revenue function is the derivative R'(x). The profit function is
Suppose that Hubert, an economist from an AM talk radio program, and Kate, an economist from a school of industrial relations, are arguing over health insurance. The following dialogue shows an excerpt from their debate: Kate: A popular topic for debate among politicians as well as economists is the idea of providing government assistance for health benefits. Hubert: I think it is oppressive for the government to tax people who take care of themselves in order to pay for health insurance for those who are obese. Kate: I disagree. I think government funding of health insurance is useful to ensure basic fairness. The disagreement between these economists is most likely due to (DIFFERENCE IN SCIENTIFIC JUDGEMENT, DIFFERENCE IN VALUES, DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PERCEPTION VERSUS REALITY) . Despite their differences, with which proposition are two economists chosen at random most likely to agree? A. Employers should not be restricted from outsourcing work to foreign nations.…
In the early 2000s, the state of Massachusetts in the U.S. implemented a health reform aimed at enrolling people without health insurance into an insurance plan. The reform required people without health insurance (at least those who could afford it) to buy insurance, and put in place penalties on those who nevertheless chose not to buy insurance. Below is the abstract of a recent National Bureau of Economic Research working paper entitled “Health Reform, Health Insurance, and Selection: Estimating Selection into Health Insurance Using the Massachusetts Health Reform” by Martin Hackmann, Jonathan Kolstad, and Amanda Kowalski. The authors conducted a study of the effects of the Massachusetts reform. They write: We implement an empirical test for selection into health insurance using changes in coverage induced by the introduction of mandated health insurance in Massachusetts. Our test examines changes in the cost of the newly insured relative to those who were insured prior to the…
Which of the following economic models is useful for examining the effects of drinking on cancer likelihood exercise = f (drinker, age, education, employment) cancer likelihood = f (drinker, age, exercise, education) cancer likelihood = f (age, exercise, education, employment)
Suppose there are two types of dentists: good and bad. Good dentists went to accredited dental schools, generally know what they’re doing, and provide good dental care. Bad dentists are fakes. They never went to dental school, so they provide shoddy treatment. In fact, most patients actually develop cavities about a month after a visit to a bad dentist. Suppose that a good dentist cannot charge less than $100 per visit without losing money. On the other hand, a bad dentist could charge $50 per visit without losing money. The problem is that it’s impossible for patients to tell good from bad dentists before they visit. However, due to news reports, consumers think that about 60% of all dentists are “bad” dentists. A consumer is willing to pay a good dentist $150 per visit, and is willing to pay $0 to visit a bad dentist. What is the most likely percentage of patients that good dentists will treat? A. 0% B. 60% C. 90% D. 75% E. 100%