The following diagram shows the market demand for steel. Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the initial short-run industry supply curve when there are 10 firms in the market. (Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output since this is the industry supply curve.) Next, use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 15 firms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 firms. (?) 100 90 Supply (10 firms) 80 70 60 Supply (15 firms) 50 40 Supply (20 firms) Demand 30 20 10 123 250 373 500 623 750 873 1000 1123 1250 QUANTITY (Thousands of tons) If there were 10 firms in this market, the short-run equilibrium price of steel would be s . Therefore, in the long run, firms would per ton. At that price, firms in this industry would the steel market. Because you know that perfectly competitive firms earn economic profit in the long run, you know the long-run equilibrium price must be S per ton. From the graph, you can see that this means there will be firms operating in the steel industry in long-run equilibrium. PRICE (Dollars per ton)

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6. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium
Consider the perfectly competitive market for steel. Assume that, regardless of how many firms are in the industry, every firm in the industry is
identical and faces the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves shown on the following graph.
(?
100
90
80
70
60
50
ATC
30
20
AVC
10
MC O
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
QUANTITY (Thousands of tons)
COSTS (Dollars per ton)
8
Transcribed Image Text:6. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium Consider the perfectly competitive market for steel. Assume that, regardless of how many firms are in the industry, every firm in the industry is identical and faces the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves shown on the following graph. (? 100 90 80 70 60 50 ATC 30 20 AVC 10 MC O 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 QUANTITY (Thousands of tons) COSTS (Dollars per ton) 8
The following diagram shows the market demand for steel.
Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the initial short-run industry supply curve when there are 10 firms in the market. (Hint: You can
disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output since this is the industry supply curve.) Next, use the
purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 15 firms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbol) to
plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 firms.
(?
100
90
Supply (10 firms)
80
70
60
Supply (15 firms)
Supply (20 firms)
Demand
20
10
123
250
373
500 623
750 873
1000 1123 1250
QUANTITY (Thousands of tons)
If there were 10 firms in this market, the short-run equilibrium price of steel would be S
per ton. At that price, firms in this industry would
. Therefore, in the long run, firms would
v the steel market.
Because you know that perfectly competitive firms earn
economic profit in the long run, you know the long-run equilibrium price must
be s
per ton. From the graph, you can see that this means there will be
firms operating in the steel industry in long-run equilibrium.
PRICE (Dollars per ton)
Transcribed Image Text:The following diagram shows the market demand for steel. Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the initial short-run industry supply curve when there are 10 firms in the market. (Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output since this is the industry supply curve.) Next, use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 15 firms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 firms. (? 100 90 Supply (10 firms) 80 70 60 Supply (15 firms) Supply (20 firms) Demand 20 10 123 250 373 500 623 750 873 1000 1123 1250 QUANTITY (Thousands of tons) If there were 10 firms in this market, the short-run equilibrium price of steel would be S per ton. At that price, firms in this industry would . Therefore, in the long run, firms would v the steel market. Because you know that perfectly competitive firms earn economic profit in the long run, you know the long-run equilibrium price must be s per ton. From the graph, you can see that this means there will be firms operating in the steel industry in long-run equilibrium. PRICE (Dollars per ton)
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