The following data is about the COVID-19 and vaccination Vaccinated Not Vaccinated Having COVID-19 Not Having 200 1500 1200 150 Do you think that vaccination and positivity of COVID-19 are independent?
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A: The following information has been provided: Observed counts XX RX RR Total…
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A: Given the summary statistics  Easy fontDifficult fontn1010 8.2315.1s5.619.28
Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any specific question to be solved then please specify the question number or post only that question.
Dependency mean when the two variable has effect of each variable on other. Independency mean when the two variable has no effect on other variable.
Where independent variable is cause and the dependent variable is effect.
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- The number of Muslims continues to grow throughout the world, and they are currently thesecond-largest religious group in the world. Knowing that this group has been the target of falsebeliefs about their religion, a researcher is interested in whether people who have moreinteractions with Muslim people are less likely to believe negative statements about Islam. To dothis, they surveyed a large sample of participants across Western Europe and asked themquestions about how frequently they interact with Muslim people as well as how much theyagreed with negative statements about Islam. What statistical test should be used to determine ifthere if how frequently survey participants interact with Muslim people predicts how likely theyare to agree with a negative statement about Islam? Assume parametric assumptions are met. A. Is this a relationship test or a difference test? Explain your rationale. B.Another researcher also decides to conduct a study to observe the association between smoking cessation among long-term smokers and obesity since it has been previously well documented in the literature that smokers tend to gain weight when they stop smoking. The researcher notes that among the individuals who gain weight, many of them have developed heart problems or other medical problems that typically prevent them from exercising as much as their counterparts. In this case the researcher notes that individuals who have developed the heart problems or other medical problems causing them to gain weight also came from family with a high prevalence of risk-taking behaviors so they consume unhealthy diets and are less likely to exercise in general than their counterparts. This is an example of which of the following? Multilpe Choice Confounding Effect modification Recall bias Socially desirable response biasDue to the alarming cases of Covid-19, a researcher wanted to study the characteristics of the patients in NCR infected by the virus. Lilliefors, a researcher, considered the following variables: M: age bracket (0-19, 20-39, 40-59, 60 and above) N: last country visited in the past 3 months O: number of days quarantined after manifestation of symptoms P: current status of the patient (mild, moderate, severe) 6. To answer the objective of the study, Lilliefors used different data collection methods. First, she gathered information about the variables of interest by letting the patients answer a self-administered questionnaire. Second, to supplement the data she gathered, she collected the sociodemographic profile of the patients using the data from the Department of Health. The methods of data collection used by Lilliefors are ________. A. objective and subjective, respectively B. subjective and objective, respectively C. objective and use of existing records, respectively…
- A medical researcher conducted an observational study to understand the recovery rate for patients infected with the COVID-19 in Malaysia. The researcher contacted thirteen COVID-19 survivors and interviewed them regarding their recovery experience. Two of the questions asked are the recovery period (in days) and the number of days that have passed since receiving the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine prior to infection. The recorded data is summarized as (at the image files). i) Identify the dependent variable in the study. ii) Calculate the correlation coefficient and interpret its value. iii) Estimate the regression model parameters and write the estimated linear regression model. iv) Based on your answer in iii), predict the recovery period if a person is infected with COVID-19 after 200 days of receiving second dose of COVID-19 vaccine. v) Table 1 represents the incomplete ANOVA table of the study. Find the values of P, Q, R and S. vi) Test the linearity between the two variables…A recent study claims that using music in a class enhances concentration and consequently helps students absorb more information. A researcherdecided to test this claim on a smaller group of randomly selected students from three different classes. Each classroom was provided with a different environment for students to study. Classroom A had constant music being played in the background, classroom B had variable music being played and classroom C was a regular class with no music playing. After one month, the researcher conducted a test for all the three groups and ranked their scores. What statistical test would be most appropriate for testing the research hypothesis? Explain your answer.A study was conducted that investigated the gene ACTN3, which encodes a protein that functions in fast-twitch muscle fibres. People can be classified according to which genotype of this gene they have, RR, RX or XX. The study included a sample of elite sprinters and a sample of endurance athletes. The researchers are investigating whether there is an association between the genotype classification and the type of athlete (sprinters or endurance). Observed counts XX RX RR Total Endurance 55 49 30 134 Sprinters 49 95 50 194 Total 104 144 80 328 The observed test statistic was 9.38 (2dp) and the associated p-value was 0.009192 (6dp). Make a decision and conclusion for this hypothesis test in context. Use a significance level of 1% (α = 0.01).
- Can you help me with the code for this in R please? 2. The article ["CSI Effect Has Juries Wanting More Evidence" (USA Today, 2004)](https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/2004-08-05-csi-effect_x.htm) examines how the popularity of crime-scene investigation television shows in influencing jurors' expectation of what evidence should be produced at a trial. In a survey of 500 potential jurors, one study found that 350 were regular watchers of at least one crime-scene forensics television series. i) Assuming that it is reasonable to regard this sample of 500 potential jurors as representative of potential jurors in the US, use the given information to construct and interpret a 95\% confidence interval for the proportion of all potential jurors who regularly watch at least one crime-scene investigation series. ii) Using the same sample proportion as part (i), construct a 95\% confidence interval for same proportion but instead use a sample size of 50. iii)…Let's talk that scenario and work with some fictional data from it: Let's imagine there was a question on the survey that asks "On average, how many times a day do you worry about COVID-19, either for yourself, family, or community? Below is some data for 10 respondents. In the text box below (NOT on your scratch work),describe all of the steps you would use to calculate the appropriate type of t-test (independent or paired samples), given we want to compare Trump voters to Clinton voters. ***For this question, just list the steps - do not do any calculations. Since you are only able to see one question at a time, it's recommended that you also jot these steps down somewhere you can use them for the next question That will be in the next question. Your list will have at least 6 steps. Your last steps will involve the hypothesis test. Number of times worry per day Voted for in 2016 1= Clinton 2 = Trump 4 1 2 1 14 1 3 1 0 1 3 2 5…A medical researcher conducted an observational study to understand the recovery rate forpatients infected with the COVID-19 in Malaysia. The researcher contacted thirteen COVID-19 survivors and interviewed them regarding their recovery experience. Two of the questionsasked are the recovery period (in days) and the number of days that have passed since receivingthe second dose of COVID-19 vaccine prior to infection. The recorded data is summarized as i) Identify the dependent variable in the study. ii) Calculate the correlation coefficient and interpret its value. iii) Estimate the regression model parameters and write the estimated linear regressionmodel. iv) Based on your answer in iii), predict the recovery period if a person is infected withCOVID-19 after 200 days of receiving second dose of COVID-19 vaccine. v) Table 1 represents the incomplete ANOVA table of the study. Find the values of P, Q,R and S. vi) Test the linearity between the two variables at 4% significance level.
- A study was conducted that investigated the gene ACTN3, which encodes a protein that functions in fast-twitch muscle fibres. People can be classified according to which genotype of this gene they have, RR, RX or XX. The study included a sample of elite sprinters and a sample of endurance athletes. The researchers are investigating whether there is an association between the genotype classification and the type of athlete (sprinters or endurance). Observed counts XX RX RR Total Endurance 55 49 30 134 Sprinters 49 95 50 194 Total 104 144 80 328 What degrees of freedom should be used for this test? Explain in one or two sentences how you calculated your answer.The scientific productivity of major world cities was the subject of a recent study. The study determined the number of scientific papers published between 1994 and 1997 by researchers from each of the 20 world cities, and is shown below. City Number of papers City Number of papers City 1 1616 City 11 33 City 2 2626 City 12 99 City 3 1212 City 13 2121 City 4 55 City 14 44 City 5 22 City 15 55 City 6 2626 City 16 44 City 7 66 City 17 2020 City 8 2525 City 18 1717 City 9 1616 City 19 2222 City 10 66 City 20 2525 Construct a 95 % confidence interval for the average number of papers published in major world cities. blank <μ<blank