The first step in the Ostwald process (used to produce nitric acid) is the formation of nitric oxide from ammonia and oxygen. 4NH3(g)+5O2(g)⟶4NO(g)+6H2O(g)
Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry can be considered as a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the connections between warmth, work, and various types of energy, formed because of different synthetic and actual cycles. Thermochemistry describes the energy changes that occur as a result of reactions or chemical changes in a substance.
Exergonic Reaction
The term exergonic is derived from the Greek word in which ‘ergon’ means work and exergonic means ‘work outside’. Exergonic reactions releases work energy. Exergonic reactions are different from exothermic reactions, the one that releases only heat energy during the course of the reaction. So, exothermic reaction is one type of exergonic reaction. Exergonic reaction releases work energy in different forms like heat, light or sound. For example, a glow stick releases light making that an exergonic reaction and not an exothermic reaction since no heat is released. Even endothermic reactions at very high temperature are exergonic.
The first step in the Ostwald process (used to produce nitric acid) is the formation of nitric oxide from ammonia and oxygen.
![**Understanding Stoichiometry in Chemical Reactions**
1. **Stoichiometric Reactant Ratio**
*What is the stoichiometric reactant ratio? (moles of NH₃ needed to react with 1 mol O₂)*
- **Reactant Ratio**:
- Input: [__________]
- Unit: mol NH₃/mol O₂
2. **Formation of NO from NH₃**
*How many moles of NO are formed from the reaction of 1 mol NH₃?*
- **Amount**:
- Input: [__________]
- Unit: mol NO
3. **Limiting Reactant and Percent Excess**
*If the feed going to the reactor contains 0.480 mol NH₃/mol O₂, what is the limiting reactant, and the percent excess of the other reactant?*](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F135d4a40-2572-4c62-8b31-300ca8461b64%2F38be7c2b-d2cd-4b47-a12a-a9eb2b225b74%2F79gq7ch_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
![**Percent Excess of the Other Reactant:**
[Input Box] %
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**Mass Flow Rate Calculation**
**Problem Statement:**
What mass flow rate of \( \text{NH}_3 \) in \(\text{lb}_m/\text{h}\) is required to produce 2110 \(\text{lb}_m\) of NO per day? (Assume that the reactor runs 24 hours a day.)
[Input Box] \(\frac{\text{lb}_m \, \text{NH}_3}{\text{h}}\)](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F135d4a40-2572-4c62-8b31-300ca8461b64%2F38be7c2b-d2cd-4b47-a12a-a9eb2b225b74%2Fonb9d7v_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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