The engine of a large ship does 1.90 ✕ 108 J of work with an efficiency of 4.05% (a) How much heat transfer (in J) occurs to the environment? (b) How many barrels of fuel are consumed, if each barrel produces 6.00 ✕ 109 J of heat transfer when burned?
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The engine of a large ship does 1.90 ✕ 108 J of work with an efficiency of 4.05%
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- As a gasoline engine is running, an amount of gasoline containing 18,500 J of chemical potential energy is burned in 1 s. During that second, the engine does 3,700 J of work. (a) What is the engine's efficiency (in percent)? % (b) The burning gasoline has a temperature of about 4,100°F (2,500 K). The waste heat from the engine flows into air at about 90°F (305 K). What is the Carnot efficiency (in percent) of a heat engine operating between these two temperatures? %In performing 154.0 J of work, an engine exhausts 65.0 J of heat. What is the efficiency of the engine? e = 29A heat pump removes 2060 J of heat from the outdoors and delivers 3060 J of heat to the inside of a house. (a) How much work does the heat pump need?(b) What is the coefficient of performance of the heat pump?
- A large electrical power station generates 1050 MW of electricity with an efficiency of 37.0%. (a) Calculate the heat transfer (in J) to the power station, Q, in one day. (b) How much heat transfer Q. (in J) occurs to the environment in one day? (c) If the heat transfer in the cooling towers is from 35.0°C water into the local air mass, which increases in temperature from 18.0°C to 20.0°C, what is the total increase in entropy (in J/K) due to this heat transfer? J/K (d) How much energy (in J) becomes unavailable to do work because of this increase in entropy, assuming an 18.0°C lowest temperature? (Part of Q. could be utilized to operate heat engines or for simple space heating, but it rarely is.) to Additional Materials O Reading CS Scanned with CamScannerA particular condominium uses a heat pump with a coefficient of performance of 3.85 to heat its interior during cold weather. The heat pump operates with a power consumption of 6.85 × 103 w. (a) How much energy (in J) does it deliver into a home during 6 h of continuous operation? (b) How much energy (in J) does it extract from the outside air? Need Help? Read ItAs a gasoline engine is running, an amount of gasoline containing 15,000J of chemical potential energy is burned in 1 s. During that second, the engine does 3,000 J of work. (b) The burning gasoline has a temperature of about 2500 K. The waste heat from the engine flows into air at about 300 K. What is the Carnot efficiency of a heat engine operating between these two temperatures?
- Consider the change in the internal energy of a system. -What is the change in the internal energy, in joules, of a system that does 4.725 × 105 J of work, while 3.2 × 106 J of heat is transferred into the system and 7.8 × 106 J of heat is transferred from the system to the environment?A diesel engine has efficiency 0.180. (a) In order for this engine to do 1.24 * 10^4 J of work, how many joules of heat must it take in? (b) How many joules of this heat is discarded?Heat engines take input energy in the form of heat, use some of that energy to do work, and exhaust the remainder. Similarly, a person can be viewed as a heat engine that takes an input of internal energy, uses some of it to do work, and gives off the rest as heat. Suppose a trained athlete can function as a heat engine with an efficiency of 0.16. (a) What is the magnitude of the internal energy that the athlete uses in order to do 1.7x104 J of work? (b) Determine the magnitude of the heat the athlete gives off.
- A steam turbine operates at a boiler temperature of 480.0 K and an exhaust temperature of 285.5 K. (a) What is the maximum theoretical efficiency of this system?(b) If the system operates at maximum efficiency and the boiler expels 20.0 kJ of energy to the cold reservoir, how much energy does it absorb from the hot reservoir? kJA heat engine working between 230.0°C and 520.0°C, takes in 1.401 x 107 J of heat and delivers 4.100 x 106 J of work per cycle. What is its efficiency? What is the maximum possible efficiency of an engine working between these two temperatures?Suppose a heat engine is connected to two energy reservoirs, one a pool of molten aluminum (660°C) and the other a block of solid mercury (-38.9°C). The engine runs by freezing 1.40 g of aluminum and melting 16.0 g of mercury during each cycle. The heat of fusion of aluminum is 3.97 x 105 J/kg; the heat of fusion of mercury is 1.18 x 104 J/kg. What is the efficiency of this engine? 74.9 4 X Note that the usable energy in a heat engine is the difference between the energy input and the exhaust energy. % Need Help? Watch It Additional Materials eBook