▪ The disorder in a solid is greater than that in a liquid. (✓ or X ) ▪ The tendency of a process to occur naturally is called equilibrium. (✓or X ) ▪ A spontaneous change happens unidirectional or in one way. For a reverse change to occur, work always has to be done. (✓or X) ■ For a spontaneous change to occur, time is not a factor. A spontaneous reaction can be a rapid or very slow reaction. (✓ or X ) ■ If the system is not in the equilibrium, a spontaneous change is unavoidable. The change will continue until the system reaches the state of equilibrium. (✓ or X ) ■ Thermal heat transfers between cold and hot reservoirs in both directions. (✔ or X ) ■ Absolute zero kelvin is attainable. (✓or X )

▪ The disorder in a solid is greater than that in a liquid. (✓ or X ) ▪ The tendency of a process to occur naturally is called equilibrium. (✓or X ) ▪ A spontaneous change happens unidirectional or in one way. For a reverse change to occur, work always has to be done. (✓or X) ■ For a spontaneous change to occur, time is not a factor. A spontaneous reaction can be a rapid or very slow reaction. (✓ or X ) ■ If the system is not in the equilibrium, a spontaneous change is unavoidable. The change will continue until the system reaches the state of equilibrium. (✓ or X ) ■ Thermal heat transfers between cold and hot reservoirs in both directions. (✔ or X ) ■ Absolute zero kelvin is attainable. (✓or X )

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: Could someone Please Help Me with this! No Plagirism Please! 3 · Provide at least 1…

A: A question based on equilibrium concept. An equilibrium reaction and few questions based on the…

Q: A student dissolves 11.3 g of ammonium nitrate (NH,NO,) in 250. g of water in a well-insulated open…

Q: For each reaction, find the value of ASº. Report the value with the appropriate sign. (a) 3 NO2(g) +…

Q: A student dissolves 13.2 g of potassium hydroxide (KOH)in 250. g of water in a well-insulated open…

Q: Calculate the change in the Gibbs free energy (ΔGorxn) in J for the decomposition of carbon…

Q: Which of the following is not true of spontaneity? It happens without the addition of external…

A: A spontaneous process occurs automatically without any external force. It is unidirectional

Q: For the reaction: 3A(g) + 3B(aq) → 2C(g) + D(1) Based on the following thermodynamic data, determine…

A: Given,The reaction:3 A(g) + 3 B(aq) 2 C(g) + D (l)

Q: Read the descriptions of physical or chemical changes in the table below. Then decide whether the…

A: 1. chemical reactions between liquids can produce gaseous products. For instance, in an…

Q: Use Hess's law to calculate ΔG°rxn using the following information. NO(g) + O(g) →…

A: The first thing to do is to change the bottom three reactions to make it look like the top reaction.…

Q: Indicate which of the following reaction(s) results in a positive ΔSsys. Make sure to show your work…

A: AgNO3 (aq) +NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) +NaNO3 (aq)HCl(aq) → HCl(g) +H2O(l) H2(g) + I2 (g) → 2HI(g)C2H2O2…

Q: Carbon disulfide is a foul-smelling solvent that dissolves sulfur and other nonpolar substances. It…

Q: Change During an endothermic chemical reaction, a gas is consumed and a liquid produced. A solid…

A: Answer:The spontaneity of the reaction can be decided on the basis of the value of Gibbs free energy…

Q: A student dissolves 14.5 g of potassium chloride (KCI)in 250. g of water in a well-insulated open…

A: Data given: Mass of potassium chloride (KCl) = 14.5 g Mass of water, m = 250 g Initial temperature,…

Q: Given the reactions, X(s) + O₂(g) → XO(s) XCO,(s) — XO(s) + CO,(g) X(s) + }O,(g) + CO, (g) — XCO,(s)…

Q: Read the descriptions of physical or chemical changes in the table below. Then decide whether the…

A: Q1. Since the reaction is endothermic, that means you have to provide heat during the reaction,…

Q: Determine whether the alkene shown below has a cis or a trans orientation around the double bond. O…

A: We have given the organic compound alkene and we have to determine whether the alkene has cis or a…

Q: Given the following: P,(s) + 50,(g) → P,0,(s) A G° = – 2697.0 kJ/mol2H, (g) +0,(g) → 2H,0(g) A G° =…

Q: A student dissolves 11.0 g of ammonium chloride (NH,C1) in 250. g of water in a well-insulated open…

Q: A mole of XX reacts at a constant pressure of 43.0 atmatm via the reaction X(g)+4Y(g)→2Z(g),…

A: The objective of this question is to calculate the total energy change, ΔE, in kilojoules for the…

Q: Using thermodynamic data given below, calculate the Gibbs free energy change, ΔG°rxn for the…

A: Given reaction Fe (s) + 2HCl (g) → FeCl2 (s) + H2 (g) Molecule/atom ΔGf°(kJ/mol) Fe 0 FeCl2…

Q: For the reaction: H₂O(l) 2NH3(g) + CO₂(g) ΔΗ = – 330 kJ CO2(g) = (NH2)2CO(s) +

A: Answer: According to Le-chatalier's principle on changing any parameter of the system that is in…

Q: Carbon disulfide is a foul-smelling solvent that dissolves sulfur and other nonpolar substances. It…

Q: Which of the following statements are true about the exothermic reaction H2(g)+12O2(g)→H2O(l) ?…

A: A chemical process in which heat is released into its surroundings is called an exothermic reaction.…

Q: Read the descriptions of physical or chemical changes in the table below. Then decide whether the…

A: Given physical or chemical change:A gas expands, absorbing heat from the surroundingsDuring an…

Q: Ethylene (C2H4) plays an important role in the ripening of certain fruits and vegetables. It is…

Q: Consider the reaction below. The reaction quotient for a specific moment is 3.42-10³. If the…

Q: Consider the following numbered processes: A → 2B B → 2C + D E → 2D…

A: Solution 1. A --> 2B let enthalpy is deltaH1 2. B -->2C + D let enthalpy is deltaH2 3. E…

Q: (aq) UH (aq) You can make any reasonable assumptions about the physical properties of the solution.…

Q: The element chlorine is a useful reagent. For example, it is used for the production of phosgene…

Q: A student dissolves 14.9 g of potassium hydroxide (KOH)in 300. g of water in a well-insulated open…

A: It is based on the concept of dissolution of salt. Dissolution is a process where a salt is…

Q: A student dissolves 13.4 g of sodium chloride (NaCl)in 250. g of water in a well-insulated open cup.…

A: Answer:During a chemical reaction, when heat evolved then it is called as exothemic reaction and…

Q: The temperature at which the following process reaches equilibrium at 1.0 atm is the normal boiling…

Q: 1. Iron(II) oxide (FeO) is used in cosmetics and in tattoo inks as a dye. Iron(II) oxide reacts with…

Q: Use the data from this table of thermodynamic properties to calculate the values of Δ⁢Srxn∘ for each…

A: a) 2CO(g) + O2(g) ⟶ 2⁢CO2⁢(g) Standard entropy (S°) CO(g) = 197.674 J/mol.K O2(g) = 205.138 J/mol.K…

Q: A student dissolves 11.7 g of potassium hydroxide (KOH)in 200. g of water in a well-insulated open…

Q: For the reaction: 1A(g) + 4B(g) = 2C(g) + 2D(g) where K, = 9.483 · 103 the gaseous components are…

A: The reaction taking place is given as, => A (g) + 4 B (g) -------> 2 C (g) + 2 D (g)…

Q: A student dissolves 11.3 g of potassium hydroxide (KOH)in 300. g of water in a well-insulated open…

A: Answer: To solve this question it is important to understand that water will be considered as…

Question

■ The disorder in a solid is greater than that in a liquid. ( ✓ or X )
■ The tendency of a process to occur naturally is called equilibrium. (✓ or X )
▪ A spontaneous change happens unidirectional or in one way. For a reverse change to occur,
work always has to be done. (✓ or X)
■ For a spontaneous change to occur, time is not a factor. A spontaneous reaction can be a rapid
or very slow reaction. (✓or X )
■ If the system is not in the equilibrium, a spontaneous change is unavoidable. The change will
continue until the system reaches the state of equilibrium. (✓or X )
■ Thermal heat transfers between cold and hot reservoirs in both directions. (✓ or X )
■ Absolute zero kelvin is attainable. (✓or X)

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1: Introduction.

VIEW

Step 2: Statement 1st.

VIEW

Step 3: statement 2nd.

VIEW

Step 4: Statement 3rd.

VIEW

Step 5: Statement 4th.

VIEW

Step 6: Statement 5th.

VIEW

Step 7: statement 6th.

VIEW

Step 8: Statement 7th.

VIEW

Solution

VIEW

Step by step

Solved in 9 steps with 1 images

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

Consider the following chemical equation for which the enthalpy of reaction equals +26.9 kJ. 2 ICI(g) 12(g) + Cl2(g) At 25 °C, Kp = 5.0 x 10-6. If the temperature is increased to 35.0 °C, what changes (if any) will be observed? O a. Kp will remain unchanged. O b. Kp will increase. O c. [12] will decrease. O d. Kp will decrease. O e. [ICI] will increase.
Σ *00 For a particular reaction, AH = 81.95 kJ and AS = 27.0 J/K. Calculate AG for this reaction at 298 K. AG = %3D What can be said about the spontaneity of the reaction at 298 K? O The system is spontaneous in the reverse direction. O The system is at equilibrium. O The system is spontaneous as written. 8:12 PH (口四< 11/8/20 F5 F8 F12 PrtScr Insert Delete Backspace $4 % 8. 5. 7. 24 Alt Ctri
Help with the following question
A student dissolves 11.0 g of ammonium chloride (NH, CI) in 200. g of water in a well-insulated open cup. He then observes the temperature of the water fall from 20.0 °C to 16.8 °C over the course of 6 minutes. Use this data, and any information you need from the ALEKS Data resource, to answer the questions below about this reaction: NH,CI(s) NH (aq) + Cl (aq) db You can make any reasonable assumptions about the physical properties of the solution. Be sure answers you calculate using measured data are rounded to the correct number of significant digits. Note for advanced students: it's possible the student did not do the experiment carefully, and the values you calculate may not be the same as the known and published values for this reaction. O exothermic Is this reaction exothermic, endothermic, or neither? O endothermic O neither If you said the reaction was exothermic or endothermic, calculate the amount of heat that was released or absorbed by the reaction in this case. kJ kJ…
A student dissolves 10.9 g of ammonium chloride (NH,Cl) in 200. g of water in a well-insulated open cup. She then observes the temperature of the water fall from 20.0 °C to 16.1 °C over the course of 3.8 minutes. Use this data, and any information you need from the ALEKS Data resource, to answer the questions below about this reaction: NH,CI (s) → NH (aq) + Cl¯(aq) You can make any reasonable assumptions about the physical properties of the solution. Be sure answers you calculate using measured data are rounded to the correct number of significant digits. Note for advanced students: it's possible the student did not do the experiment carefully, and the values you calculate may not be the same as the known and published values for this reaction. Ar exothermic Is this reaction exothermic, endothermic, or neither? endothermic neither If you said the rea heat that was released or absorbed by the reaction in this case. I kJ ion was exothermic or endothermic, calculate the amount of kJ…
A student dissolves 11.8 g of sodium hydroxide (NaOH)in 250. g of water in a well-insulated open cup. She then observes the temperature of the water rise from 20.0 °C to 33.6 °C over the course of 8 minutes. Use this data, and any information you need from the ALEKS Data resource, to answer the questions below about this reaction: NaOH(s) Na (aq) + OH (ag) You can make any reasonable assumptions about the physical properties of the solution. Be sure answers you calculate using measured data are rounded to the correct number of significant digits. Note for advanced students: it's possible the student did not do the experiment carefully, and the values you calculate may not be the same as the known and published values for this reaction. Is this reaction exothermic, endothermic, or neither? If you said the reaction was exothermic or endothermic, calculate the amount of heat that was released or absorbed by the reaction in this case. Calculate the reaction enthalpy AH per mole of NaOH. O…
Read the descriptions of physical or chemical changes in the table below. Then decide whether the change will be spontaneous, if you can. Change A gas condenses to a liquid, neither absorbing nor releasing heat. An exothermic chemical reaction between a solid and a liquid results in gaseous products. Two liquids mix, neither absorbing nor releasing heat. Is this change spontaneous? Yes. No. Can't decide with information given. ○ Yes. ○ No. Can't decide with information given. Yes. No. ○ Can't decide with information given.
Which one of the following reactions cannot proceed spontaneously as written at any temperature? Assume that ΔH°rxn does not depend on temperature. A. 2Cl2O(g) → 2Cl2(g) + O2(g) ΔH°rxn = –151 kJ B. 3O2(g) → 2O3(g) ΔH°rxn = +284 kJ C. COCl2(g) → CO(g) + Cl2(g) ΔH°rxn = +112 kJ D. 2C(s) + 2S(s) + O2(g) → 2COS(g) ΔH°rxn = –137 kJ E. N2O4(g) → 2NO2(g) ΔH°rxn = +171 kJ
Below what temperature does the following reaction become nonspontaneous? 2 HNO3(aq) + NO(g) → 3 NO2(g) + H2O(l) ΔH = +136.5 kJ; ΔS = +287.5 J/K A) 39.2 K B) 151 K C) 475 K D) 501 K
For the reaction: H₂O(l) 2NH3(g) + CO2(g) = (NH2)2CO(s) + ΔΗ = – 330 kJ == Predict how each of the following changes would impact a reaction that is currently at equilibrium. That is, which way would the reaction progress in order to respond to the change in the system to regain equilibrium (use arrows to show the direction of change that would occur to return back to equilibrium). Explain your reasoning for each part.
A student dissolves 12.3 g of potassium chloride (KCI)in 250. g of water in a well-insulated open cup. He then observes the temperature of the water fall from 22.0 °C to 19.6 °C over the course of 5.9 minutes. Use this data, and any information you need from the ALEKS Data resource, to answer the questions below about this reaction: olo Ar KCI(s) K* (aq) + CI (aq) You can make any reasonable assumptions about the physical properties of the solution. Be sure answers you calculate using measured data are rounded to the correct number of significant digits. Note for advanced students: it's possible the student did not do the experiment carefully, and the values you calculate may not be the same as the known and published values for this reaction. exothermic Is this reaction exothermic, endothermic, or neither? endothermic neither If you said the reaction was exothermic or endothermic, calculate the amount of heat that was released or absorbed by the reaction in this case. |kJ kJ Calculate…
Read the descriptions of physical or chemical changes in the table below. Then decide whether the change will be spontaneous, if you can. Change During an endothermic chemical reaction, four moles of gaseous reactants are turned into two moles of gaseous products. A solid precipitates from a solution, releasing heat as it does so. A solid absorbs heat and turns to a gas. Is this change spontaneous? Yes. O No. O Can't decide with information given. O Yes. O No. O Can't decide with information given. O Yes. O No. O Can't decide with information given.