The development of primary and secondary immune responses to an antigen differ significantly. The primary response may take a week or more to develop fully and establish memory. The sec­ondary response is rapid and relies on the activation of clones of memory cells. Would it not be better if clones of reactive cells were maintained regardless of prior exposure? In this way, the body could always respond rapidly to any antigen exposure. Would there be any disadvantages to this approach? Why?

Q: Adaptive immune responses are slow to develop, taking days to weeks after exposure to reach their…

A: Immunity It is a resistance acquired by a host towards an injury causing microbes or overall ability…

Q: ● Distinguish between innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Describe the various cells and organs…

A: In this topic, we'll see the contrasts between innate and adaptive immunity, the numerous cells and…

Q: The immune system can be split into two major categories, the innate immune system and the adaptive…

A: To protect the body from dangerous invaders like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, the immune…

Q: Contrast active and passive immunity in terms of how each is acquired,how long it lasts, whether…

A: Immunity is defined as the ability of an organism to prevent the entry of harmful microbes in the…

Q: What are steps in the inflammation response? Select all that apply.   Signaling molecules decrease…

A: Need to find the the inflammatory response from the following options. The inflammatory response…

Q: Explain delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH). How might you expect to induce it? What components of…

A: The delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) is characterized by the T cells recruitment into tissues to…

Q: What is the mechanism dendritic cells use to deliver the message about a specific pathogen to the…

A: Introduction T cells are immune system cells that arise from bone marrow stem cells. They aid in the…

Q: Describe how T cells are activated during the development of a specific immune response. e.i. After…

A: Helper T-cells invigorate B-cells to develop antibodies and help executioner ( killer )cells create.…

Q: Why is iron availability important in body defenses?

A: The cells of the immune system are categorized as neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes. The…

Q: How could you distinguish the type of T cell that is active in an immune response? In other words…

A: Macrophages are the first cell types to respond to infection. If a macrophage encounters a foreign…

Q: Are there other examples besides immune secretions in which a single substance may act as both an…

A: Immune cells secrete the secretions that protect body from immunity. In body three types of glands…

Q: a. Describe the main elements of the process through which the immune system distinguishes self from…

A: The human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are used to identify self from non-self. As all the cells in…

Q: Which of the following types of antibodies may function to trigger the nonspecific event of…

A: Antibody or immunoglobulins (Ig) are circulating glycoprotein molecules, secreted by B-lymphocyte…

Q: Which is/are involved in reacting to virus-infected cells? If you think more than one are involved,…

A: Many factors contribute to viral immunity. The duration and intensity of the immune response depends…

Q: Explain how the innate (nonspecific) immune system is able to recognize a wide variety of…

A: Immunity is the capability of the body to fight against foreign attack and maintain the persistence…

Q: If an individual failed to develop a thymus because of a genetic defect, what would happen to the…

A: Without the development of a thymus, immune responses mediated by antibodies and cytotoxic T cells…

Q: Why would the immune system naturally require suppression?

A: The body system that functions to defend our body by restricting and eliminating the pathogens…

Q: What occurs in a cell-mediated immune response? Select all that apply

A: Cell-mediated immune response is the type of immune response that involves activation of specialized…

Q: Discuss the difference between humoral and cell-mediated immunity

A: The immune system of the body protects the organisms from the harmful pathogen. Pathogens are the…

Q: Give a brief overview about the components of both innate and adaptive immunity. In addition to this…

A: Humans have a very well-developed immune system that helps the body fight against infections and…

Q: describe how named soluble mediators of the immune system can be generated or triggered, and what…

A: Introduction:- Immunity is defined as the ability of an organism to resist any kind of infection or…

Q: Outline the immunological processes involved in the establishment of immune memory

A: Immune memory is a type of stored information or memory about an infection and pathogens by memory…

Q: Name the two primary tissues of the immune system.  Why are they considered the primary tissues?

A: Immune system is system which helps our body to fight against the foreign substances which will…

Q: Name three features of a secondary immune response that distinguish it from a primary immune…

A: Primary Immune Response: It is the initial response of the immune system when first exposed to a…

Q: Ingestion of complement-tagged pathogens by phagocytes is mediated by receptors for the bound…

A: INTRODUCTION The complement system, also known as complement cascade, is a part of the immune system…

Q: What are TLRS? How does this work to ensure to prevent pathogens to cause diseases? Where are the…

A: The innate immune system is the first line of protection in opposition to pathogens, which is…

Q: Some immune system cells like B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes must first be "trained" in either the…

A: The complex network of organ, cells and proteins in our body that defends our body against infection…

Q: your own personal understanding, why are complements important in cellular and humoral mediated…

A: The humoral immunity is referred to as immunity from the antibody. B cells can differentiate into…

Q: Individuals infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV) mount protective antibody responses directed…

A: The complement system of our innate immunity depends on the protein C3. C3 is another name for the…

Q: Contrast cell – mediated immunity with antibody – mediated immunity. Make sure to note: which cells…

A: Immunity is defined as the power of an organism to protect itself from a foreign pathogen or an…

Q: List and describe the components of the non-specific immune division response. List and describe the…

A: The immune system defends the body against potentially dangerous substances by identifying and…

Q: The defenses created by physical barriers are often supported by chemical barriers (and vis versa),…

A: It is the non specific immunity with which a person is born with.  It protects you against all…

Q: List the four classes of immune hypersensitivity and give an example of each.

A: Some ingested or inhaled antigen can cause severe systemic reaction, resulting in significant tissue…

Q: Explain why the secondary immune response (months, years, or decades after the first exposure to a…

A: Immunity is a phenomenon build up inside the body of an organism in order to cope up with foreign…

Q: What does innate mean? How is the innate immune system different from the adaptive immune system?…

A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.