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The Debye-Hückel Theory and the Güntelberg and Davies Approximations are not accurate for very high ionic-strength solutions like seawater. Thus, more complicated methods must be used to calculate activity coefficients in seawater, or they can be determined experimentally. One study reported the following activity coefficients: Chemical Species Activity Coefficient (y) Ca2+ 0.28 CO32- 0.20 CaCO3 1.13* For a seawater sample with 140 µM Ca 2+ and 210 μM CO32-, let's determine if precipitation of CaCO3 is thermodynamically favorable: A) If you ignored the effect of the salinity on the activities of all the chemical species, what would be the value of Q? Based on this value of Q, would you expect CaCO3 to precipitate? B) Considering the activity coefficients given in the table above, what would be the value of Q (IAP)? Based on this value of Q (IAP), would you expect CaCO3 to precipitate?

The Debye-Hückel Theory and the Güntelberg and Davies Approximations are not accurate for very high ionic-strength solutions like seawater. Thus, more complicated methods must be used to calculate activity coefficients in seawater, or they can be determined experimentally. One study reported the following activity coefficients: Chemical Species Activity Coefficient (y) Ca2+ 0.28 CO32- 0.20 CaCO3 1.13* For a seawater sample with 140 µM Ca 2+ and 210 μM CO32-, let's determine if precipitation of CaCO3 is thermodynamically favorable: A) If you ignored the effect of the salinity on the activities of all the chemical species, what would be the value of Q? Based on this value of Q, would you expect CaCO3 to precipitate? B) Considering the activity coefficients given in the table above, what would be the value of Q (IAP)? Based on this value of Q (IAP), would you expect CaCO3 to precipitate?

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
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The Debye-Hückel Theory and the Güntelberg and Davies Approximations are not accurate for very high ionic-strength solutions like seawater. Thus, more complicated methods must be used to calculate activity coefficients in seawater, or they can be determined experimentally. One study reported the following activity coefficients: Chemical Species Activity Coefficient (y) Ca2+ 0.28 CO32- 0.20 CaCO3 1.13* For a seawater sample with 140 µM Ca 2+ and 210 μM CO32-, let's determine if precipitation of CaCO3 is thermodynamically favorable: A) If you ignored the effect of the salinity on the activities of all the chemical species, what would be the value of Q? Based on this value of Q, would you expect CaCO3 to precipitate? B) Considering the activity coefficients given in the table above, what would be the value of Q (IAP)? Based on this value of Q (IAP), would you expect CaCO3 to precipitate?
Transcribed Image Text:The Debye-Hückel Theory and the Güntelberg and Davies Approximations are not accurate for very high ionic-strength solutions like seawater. Thus, more complicated methods must be used to calculate activity coefficients in seawater, or they can be determined experimentally. One study reported the following activity coefficients: Chemical Species Activity Coefficient (y) Ca2+ 0.28 CO32- 0.20 CaCO3 1.13* For a seawater sample with 140 µM Ca 2+ and 210 μM CO32-, let's determine if precipitation of CaCO3 is thermodynamically favorable: A) If you ignored the effect of the salinity on the activities of all the chemical species, what would be the value of Q? Based on this value of Q, would you expect CaCO3 to precipitate? B) Considering the activity coefficients given in the table above, what would be the value of Q (IAP)? Based on this value of Q (IAP), would you expect CaCO3 to precipitate?
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