The cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis is the Group of answer choices - Ribosomes - Chromosome - Spindle Fiber - Nucleus - DNA
Structure and Composition of Cell Membrane
Despite differences in structure and function, all living cells in multicellular organisms are surrounded by a cell membrane. Just like the outer layer of the skin separates the body from its environment similarly, the cell membrane, also known as 'plasma membrane,' separates the inner content from its exterior environment.
Cell Membrane
The cell membrane is known by different names like plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, or biological membrane. The term "cell membrane" was first introduced by C. Nageli and C. Cramer in the year 1855. Later on, in 1931, the term "plasmalemma" for cell membrane was given by J. Plowe. The cell membrane separates the cell's internal environment from the extracellular space. This separation allows the protection of cells from their environment.
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
The cell is defined as the basic structural and functional unit of life. The cell membrane bounds it. It is capable of independent existence.
Protein synthesis
During translation a cell reads the information in mRNA and uses it to buil a protein. There are 61 codons for amino acid and each of them is read to specify a certain amino acid out of 20 commonly found in proteins. One codon AUG specifies the amino acid methionine and also acts as a start codon to signal the start of protein construction.
There are 3 more codons that do not specify amino acid . These stop codons UAA , UAG and UGA tell the cell when polypeptide is complete. All together this collection of codon amino acid relationship is called genetic code because it lets cells decode an mRNA into a chain of amino acid. Translation require some specialised mechanism
Ribosomes provide a structure in which translation can take place. They also catalyze the reaction that links amino acid to make protein. tRNA carry amino acid to ribosomes. Ribosomes can be present in rough ER or in cytosol.
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