The amino acid sequence (primary structure) and 3D shape (tertiary structure) of the rhodopsin has been determined and the various protein domains have also been identified with precision (see figures below). The red arrow indicates the amino acid lysin (K) that binds to the oxygen of the retinol (indicated by the blue arrow). The purple arrow indicates the retinal bound to the rhodopsin. In healthy individuals, retinal is abundant and can binds to the rhodopsin, making it functional (light-sensitive). H3C CH3 CH3 Retinal C-I 00000 cytoplasmic side extracellular side GOO 000 000 E-I CH3 Rhodopsin (primary structure) C-II H 43ww 000 E-II COOH-terminal C-III DOO E-III NH₂-terminal Rhodopsin + retinal (tertiary structure) 5. Based on the molecular structures of retinal, which of the following is the most likely? A. Retinal is an enzyme B. Retinal is a phospholipid of the plasma membrane C. Retinal is an unsaturated organic compound D. Retinal is a transport protein that moves a molecule across the plasma membrane E. Retinal is a phosphorylated substrate

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Photosynthesis

Plants have a capacity that we humans can only imagine— the ability to produce food from sunlight. Sure, we can prepare some dishes that we can savor on, but it become possible because of the plants (as they serve as a producers of all the raw materials required). Photosynthesis is the method of assembling carbohydrates with the aid of sunlight.