>TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS - FIGURE 24.8 Heritability of human flngerprint patterns. Starting mater lal : A group of human subjects from Great Britain. Experimental level Conceptual level 1. Take a person's finger and blot it onto an ink pad. 2. Roll the person's finger onto a recording surface to obtain a print. This is a method to measure a quantitative trait. 3. With a low-power binocular microscope, count the number of ridges, using the method described in Figure 24.7. -Paper The correlation coefficient provides a way to determine the heritability for the quantitative trait. 4. Calculate the correlation coefficients See the data. between different pairs of individuals, as described earlier in this chapter.
Evolutionary Genetics
Evolution is known as continuous changes that occur to adjust organisms in their changing environment over many generations. Various theories have been proposed to illustrate the origin of life and organic evolution. The most accepted one is the theory of natural selection by Charles Darwin. According to his postulate, organisms undergo a struggle for existence due to overproduction. To survive in nature, they acquire variations. The inheritable variations are selected by nature, and it leads to the survival of the fittest.
Phenotype Frequency
The majority of populations have a certain degree of variation in their genetic pools. Scientists can predict the genetic variation happening over time by measuring the amount of genetic variation in a population and these predictions assist them in gaining important insights into the processes that allow organisms to adapt to the environment or to develop into new species over generations. This process is referred to as the process of evolution.
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium
The frequencies of allele and genotype were maintained constant from one generation to another due to the absence of other evolutionary forces. It is otherwise called the Hardy Weinberg principle the field of population genetics.
A danger in computing heritability values from studies
involving genetically related individuals is the possibility that these
individuals share more similar environments than do unrelated
individuals. In the experiment shown in Figure 24.8, which data
are the most compelling evidence that ridge count is not caused
by genetically related individuals sharing common environments?
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