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Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
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Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Please help fill in table UV-12, A and B

Then the calculations 

**Unit V: Immune & Lymphatic Systems: Population Genetics Lab 12**

**5.** Calculate the allele and genotype frequencies for D antigen (Rh factor) and the population estimates for D antigen provided below.

**6.** Fill in Table UV-12 with the frequencies and the calculations using the Hardy-Weinberg Equations 1 and 2.

---

**Calculations Required:**

**Step A1:**

- **Table UV-12. A) Allele and B) Genotype frequencies and estimates of the population possessing the antigen (D = __).**

| A | Alleles       |   |           |   | B | Genotype Frequencies  |               | Population Estimates |
|---|---------------|---|-----------|---|---|------------------------|---------------|----------------------|
|   | Dominance     | p |            | D |   |                        |               |                      |
|   | Recessive     | q |            | d |   |                        |               |                      |
|   | Total =       |   |            |   |   | Total =                |               |                      |

**Step A2:**

**Explanation of Diagrams:**

The table consists of two parts:

- Part A: This section focuses on the alleles, categorizing them into dominance (p) for the D antigen and recessive (q) for the d antigen, ultimately summing them as `Total =`.

- Part B: This section arranges the genotype frequencies, which include p^2 (homozygous dominant), 2pq (heterozygous), and q^2 (homozygous recessive).

These tables are intended to help calculate the allele and genotype frequencies using the Hardy-Weinberg principle.

This lab is designed to estimate the genetic variation in a population based on these calculations.
Transcribed Image Text:**Unit V: Immune & Lymphatic Systems: Population Genetics Lab 12** **5.** Calculate the allele and genotype frequencies for D antigen (Rh factor) and the population estimates for D antigen provided below. **6.** Fill in Table UV-12 with the frequencies and the calculations using the Hardy-Weinberg Equations 1 and 2. --- **Calculations Required:** **Step A1:** - **Table UV-12. A) Allele and B) Genotype frequencies and estimates of the population possessing the antigen (D = __).** | A | Alleles | | | | B | Genotype Frequencies | | Population Estimates | |---|---------------|---|-----------|---|---|------------------------|---------------|----------------------| | | Dominance | p | | D | | | | | | | Recessive | q | | d | | | | | | | Total = | | | | | Total = | | | **Step A2:** **Explanation of Diagrams:** The table consists of two parts: - Part A: This section focuses on the alleles, categorizing them into dominance (p) for the D antigen and recessive (q) for the d antigen, ultimately summing them as `Total =`. - Part B: This section arranges the genotype frequencies, which include p^2 (homozygous dominant), 2pq (heterozygous), and q^2 (homozygous recessive). These tables are intended to help calculate the allele and genotype frequencies using the Hardy-Weinberg principle. This lab is designed to estimate the genetic variation in a population based on these calculations.
**Part 5: Calculating Frequencies**

**Over several semesters, a population of ISU students from the Anatomy and Physiology I Laboratory typed their blood. In lab today, we will use their results to predict the allele and genotype frequencies in the Biol 3302L population.**

1. Divide into 12 separate groups with one to two people per group. Write your group’s number on the top of page UV:17.
2. Your instructor will project the data.
   1. Determine the total number of students that typed their blood.
   2. Fill in Table UV:11 with the number of students expressing the different phenotypic traits.

**A. Rh (Antigen) Frequencies**

- Remember the Rh Blood Group System is a genetic locus that exhibits two alleles: dominant and recessive. The phenotypic expression is represented by the presence (Rh+) or absence (Rh-) of the antigen on the surface of red blood cells. There are two possible alleles for the Rh factor: a dominant allele (D), which encodes for the presence of the antigen, and a recessive allele (d), which does not encode for the antigen.

3. What are the possible genotypes for the dominant Rh trait: _____________?
4. What are the possible genotypes for the recessive Rh trait: _____________?

**Table UV:11**

| Rh Phenotype | Number of Students |
|--------------|--------------------|
| Rh+          | 250                |
| Rh-          | 72                 |

| ABO Phenotype | Number of Students |
|---------------|--------------------|
| O             | 115                |
| AB            | 32                 |
| A             | 126                |
| B             | 49                 |
Transcribed Image Text:**Part 5: Calculating Frequencies** **Over several semesters, a population of ISU students from the Anatomy and Physiology I Laboratory typed their blood. In lab today, we will use their results to predict the allele and genotype frequencies in the Biol 3302L population.** 1. Divide into 12 separate groups with one to two people per group. Write your group’s number on the top of page UV:17. 2. Your instructor will project the data. 1. Determine the total number of students that typed their blood. 2. Fill in Table UV:11 with the number of students expressing the different phenotypic traits. **A. Rh (Antigen) Frequencies** - Remember the Rh Blood Group System is a genetic locus that exhibits two alleles: dominant and recessive. The phenotypic expression is represented by the presence (Rh+) or absence (Rh-) of the antigen on the surface of red blood cells. There are two possible alleles for the Rh factor: a dominant allele (D), which encodes for the presence of the antigen, and a recessive allele (d), which does not encode for the antigen. 3. What are the possible genotypes for the dominant Rh trait: _____________? 4. What are the possible genotypes for the recessive Rh trait: _____________? **Table UV:11** | Rh Phenotype | Number of Students | |--------------|--------------------| | Rh+ | 250 | | Rh- | 72 | | ABO Phenotype | Number of Students | |---------------|--------------------| | O | 115 | | AB | 32 | | A | 126 | | B | 49 |
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Could you help fill in tables UV-13 to find the allele and genotype frequencies using the Hardy- Weinberg equations

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Part 5: Calculating Frequencies
Siltied
Over several semesters, a population of ISU students from the Anatomy and Physiology II Laboratory
typed their blood. In lab today, we will use their results to predict the allele and genotype frequencies
in the Biol 3302L population.
Divide into 12 separate groups with one to two people per group. Write you groups number on the
top of page UV:17.
Your instructor will project the data.
1. Determine the total number of students that typed their
blood; n = 322
2. Fill in Table UV-11 with the number of students express-
ing the different phenotypic traits.
A. Rh (D antigen) Frequencies
Remember the Rh Blood Group System has one genetic
locus that exhibits two (2) alleles: D and d and two pheno-
types: Rh+ and Rh-. The Rh blood groups are determined
by the presence (+) or absence (-) of the D antigen on sur-
face of red blood cells. There are two possible alleles for
the Rh factor: a dominant allele (D) which encodes for the
D antigen protein on red blood cells, and a recessive allele
(d) which does not encode for the D antigen.
Table UV-11. ABO and Rh phenotypes ex-
pressed by the students in Biol 3302L.
ABO Phenotype
A
B
elu AB
O
Rh Phenotype
Rh +
hbs
Rh-
DD
3. What are the possible genotype(s) for the dominant Rh trait:_
4. What are the possible genotype(s) for the recessive Rh trait: dd
Number of Students
ما12
49
32
115
Number of Students
250
72
Dd
UN
tulbs owt ens ens
LIV
Transcribed Image Text:Part 5: Calculating Frequencies Siltied Over several semesters, a population of ISU students from the Anatomy and Physiology II Laboratory typed their blood. In lab today, we will use their results to predict the allele and genotype frequencies in the Biol 3302L population. Divide into 12 separate groups with one to two people per group. Write you groups number on the top of page UV:17. Your instructor will project the data. 1. Determine the total number of students that typed their blood; n = 322 2. Fill in Table UV-11 with the number of students express- ing the different phenotypic traits. A. Rh (D antigen) Frequencies Remember the Rh Blood Group System has one genetic locus that exhibits two (2) alleles: D and d and two pheno- types: Rh+ and Rh-. The Rh blood groups are determined by the presence (+) or absence (-) of the D antigen on sur- face of red blood cells. There are two possible alleles for the Rh factor: a dominant allele (D) which encodes for the D antigen protein on red blood cells, and a recessive allele (d) which does not encode for the D antigen. Table UV-11. ABO and Rh phenotypes ex- pressed by the students in Biol 3302L. ABO Phenotype A B elu AB O Rh Phenotype Rh + hbs Rh- DD 3. What are the possible genotype(s) for the dominant Rh trait:_ 4. What are the possible genotype(s) for the recessive Rh trait: dd Number of Students ما12 49 32 115 Number of Students 250 72 Dd UN tulbs owt ens ens LIV
= (
B. ABO Frequencies
Age12
The ABO Blood Group System has one genetic locus that exhibits three (3) alleles: IA, IB, and i and four
phenotypic traits: A, B, AB, and O. Because there are three alleles on one locus and the and I are
codominant over i, we will use the Hardy-Weinberg equations for three alleles.
What is the possible genotype for this
TI-VO
7. What is the codominant phenotypic trait? AB
trait?
Lathe
O
8. What is the recessive phenotypic trait?
trait?_¡¡02
What is the possible genotype for this
9. What are the other possible phenotypic traits? A
B
genotypes for these traits? AA jAi 1818 |Bi
SA get?
10. Calculate the allele and genotype frequencies and the population estimates for the A and B anti-
(bb) gens in the Biol 3302L population and show the calculations in the space provided.
3
11. Fill in Table UV-13 with the frequencies and estimates calculated using the Hardy-Weinberg Equa-
tions 3 and 4 along with the quadratic equation and formula.
Table UV-13. A) Allele and B) Genotype frequencies and population estimates for the A and B antigens (n =
A Alleles Dominance
р
q
r
JA
[B
Dominant
Dominant
i recessive
Total =
Allele
Frequencies
What are the other possible
B Genotype Phenotypic Trait
p²
2pr
2pq
q²
2qr
p2²
JAJA
I^i
JAJB
IBIB
[Bi
ii
Total =
Genotype Population
Frequencies Estimates
UV-18
Transcribed Image Text:= ( B. ABO Frequencies Age12 The ABO Blood Group System has one genetic locus that exhibits three (3) alleles: IA, IB, and i and four phenotypic traits: A, B, AB, and O. Because there are three alleles on one locus and the and I are codominant over i, we will use the Hardy-Weinberg equations for three alleles. What is the possible genotype for this TI-VO 7. What is the codominant phenotypic trait? AB trait? Lathe O 8. What is the recessive phenotypic trait? trait?_¡¡02 What is the possible genotype for this 9. What are the other possible phenotypic traits? A B genotypes for these traits? AA jAi 1818 |Bi SA get? 10. Calculate the allele and genotype frequencies and the population estimates for the A and B anti- (bb) gens in the Biol 3302L population and show the calculations in the space provided. 3 11. Fill in Table UV-13 with the frequencies and estimates calculated using the Hardy-Weinberg Equa- tions 3 and 4 along with the quadratic equation and formula. Table UV-13. A) Allele and B) Genotype frequencies and population estimates for the A and B antigens (n = A Alleles Dominance р q r JA [B Dominant Dominant i recessive Total = Allele Frequencies What are the other possible B Genotype Phenotypic Trait p² 2pr 2pq q² 2qr p2² JAJA I^i JAJB IBIB [Bi ii Total = Genotype Population Frequencies Estimates UV-18
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