TABLE Characteristics of DNA polymerases in E. coli 3' -5' Polymerase Exonuclease Exonuclease Activity 5' - 3' 5'-3' DNA Polymerase Activity Activity Function Removes and replaces primers Yes Yes Yes II DNA repair; restarts replication after damaged DNA halts synthesis Yes Yes No III Yes Yes No Elongates DNA IV Yes No No DNA repair Yes No No DNA repair; translesion DNA synthesis

TABLE Characteristics of DNA polymerases in E. coli 3' -5' Polymerase Exonuclease Exonuclease Activity 5' - 3' 5'-3' DNA Polymerase Activity Activity Function Removes and replaces primers Yes Yes Yes II DNA repair; restarts replication after damaged DNA halts synthesis Yes Yes No III Yes Yes No Elongates DNA IV Yes No No DNA repair Yes No No DNA repair; translesion DNA synthesis

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter28: Dna Metabolism: Replication, Recombination, And Repair

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5P: Molecules of DNA Polymerase III per Cell vs. Growth Rate It is estimated that there are 40 molecules...

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Correct order ib which the following enzynes would operate to fix a damaged nucleotide in a human gene. a) nuclease, DNA polymerase, RNA primase b) helicase, DNA polymerase, DNA ligase c) DNA ligase, nuclease, helicase d) nuclease, DNA polymerase, DNA ligase
vvnicn the following statements are correct about the repair of a DNA duplex containing the sequence below that is grown INE coli (select all that apply)? Strand A Strand B GATCTAGCCGGCATCCGAT CTAGATCGGACGTAGGCTA Methyl ✔A. MutH cleaves Strand A O B. DNA repair will result in the bold A in strand B being replaced with a C O C. DNA repair will result in the bold G in strand A being replaced with a T ✔ D. Defect will not be properly repaired in dam(-) E coli O E. The mammalian repair system would also correct the mismatch shown based on the methylation status of the DNA
Matching Type Choose the directionality of the given process. (4 points) What is the directionality of the given process? * 4 points 3'-5' 5'-3' Exonuclease activity Complementary strand of the continuous strand Addition of nucleotides going to the replication fork Addition of nucleotides away from the replication fork
"DNA polymerase I serves a secondary function in vivo,now believed to be critical to the maintenance of fidelityof DNA synthesis" Explain this statement ?
pcc300ATAAADATATAOOTTAA 1. Use the genetic code table and the information in the diagram below to determine the amino acids that would make up the portion of the polypeptide shown. Include information for a key as well. DNA template 3' G CATA ACAGAGGATT-5' al bnsua AMAm pniwollot erfT E transcription s yd bnsita ebitgeqylog s sidmeaze of beae RNA strandUU UAOUOUU A-emoaodin 5'-CGUA AUUGUC UCCUUA- 3' J J JL erit o elinW (s) translation bluow terdt aspnso sigootiwsone polypeptide viemetis ns ebivo19 (d) ent ot etslanT Key:
Alternative splicing Template strand S F yIGUide1,mq00:c-00: Replisome Transforming principle Origin of replication (or)eleb al msxS ain Coding strand Transcription factors Leading strand Single nucleotide polymorphism Okazaki fragment Telomerase M Nucleoside RNA Polymerase I RNA Polymerase II RNA Polymerase IIIon & of qu 9ven UoY Insertion mutagenesis Spliceosome Transcription Unit SNP Reverse transcriptase 1 Seminal work by Oswald Avery and colleagues demonstrated that DNA is what Frederick Griffiths called this etniog OS dotsM bioW 1-2kb of newly synthesized DNA strands are called this ainiog PS Assembly of the replisome is an orderly process that begins at these precise sites Snoiteeu 4 Transcribes ribosomal RNA genes in eukaryotes 5. A large nucleoprotein complex that coordinates activity at the replication fork Single base pair differences between homologous genomic regions isolated from different members of a population Complex of proteins and snRNAs catalyzing the removal of…
Human Genome Replication Rate Assume DNA replication proceeds at a rate of 100 base pairs per second in human cells and origins of replication occur every 300 kbp. Assume also that human DNA polymerases are highly processive and only two molecules of DNA polymerase arc needed per replication fork. How long would it take to replicate the entire diploid human genome? How many molecules of DNA polymerase does each cell need to carry out this task?
Semiconservative or Conservative DNA Replication If 15N-Iabeled E. coli DNA has a density of 1.724 g/mL, 14N-labeled DNA has a density of 1.710 g/mL, and E. coli cells grown for many generations on 14NH4+as a nitrogen source are transferred to media containing 15NH4+as the sole N-source, (a) What will be the density of the DNA after one generation, assuming replication is semiconservative? (b) Suppose replication took place by a conservative mechanism in which the parental strands remained together and the two progeny strands were paired. Design an experiment that could distinguish between semiconservative and conservative modes of replication.
Molecules of DNA Polymerase III per Cell vs. Growth Rate It is estimated that there are 40 molecules of DNA polymerase III per E. coli cell, is it likely that the growth rate of E. coli is limited by DNA polymerase III availability?
Homologous Recombination, Heteroduplex DNA, and Mismatch Repair Homologous recombination in E. coli leads to the formation of regions of heteroduplex DNA. By definition, such regions contain mismatched bases. Why doesnâ€™t the mismatch repair system of E. coli eliminate these mismatches?
Multiple Replication Forks in E. coli I Assuming DNA replication proceeds at a rate of 750 base pairs per second, calculate how long it will take to replicate the entire E. coli genome. Under optimal conditions, E. coli cells divide every 20 minutes. What is the minimal number of replication forks per E. coli chromosome in order to sustain such a rate of cell division?
Multiple Replication Forks in E. coli II On the basis of Figure 28.2, draw a simple diagram illustrating replication of the circular E. coli chromosome (a) at an early stage, (b) when one-third completed, (c) when two-thirds completed, and (d) when almost finished, assuming the initiation of replication at oriC has occurred only once. Then, draw a diagram showing the E. coli chromosome in problem 3 where the E. coli cell is dividing every 20 minutes.