Suppose that you wished to determine the number of pseudogenes related to a particular gene in an organism whose complete genome had not yet been sequenced. How might you do this experimentally?
Q: Why are fruit flies considered a model genetic organism? Would humans fit this description?
A: Genetics is the branch of biology, which deals with the study of genes, their pattern of…
Q: Which are the principle that appears to have been built into the genome structure of all…
A: The complete set of the gene of a particular organism is called its genome. It is a combination of…
Q: Consider the first category of test-cross offspring shown in figure 8.2 (+b, LS). Consider also that…
A: In the test-cross in question, heterozygous female flies with the genotype +b, LS were used. In…
Q: A wild type strain of Drosophila was found to carry a transposable element called copia. From this…
A: The following is a short summary of the genetics terminology and Drosophila notation used in this…
Q: In a genomic comparison between humans and yeast, what geneswould you expect to be similar?
A: Saccharomyces cerevisiae is otherwise called as bakers yeast. It is an eukaryotic organism with…
Q: The technique of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is described. This is another method for…
A: Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a technique used to study the genome complexity. FISH…
Q: You have a strain of Neurospora that is unable to synthesize histidine and thus requires H in the…
A: Mutations occur when there is a change in DNA due to damage which can alter the gene expression.…
Q: In an electrophoretic gel across which is applied a powerful electrical alternating pulsed field,…
A: SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) is a quantitative method to…
Q: You receive four strains of yeast in the mail, and the accompanying instructions state that each…
A: The expression of a gene in a eukaryote depends on various factors and is regulated by different…
Q: In yeast, you have sequenced a piece of wild-type DNA and it clearly contains a gene, but you do not…
A: To find the mutated genes one must code all the amino acid of the genetic modified yeast and normal…
Q: design an experiment to use these DNA sequences to distinguish between these two hypotheses.
A: Ans) Before designing this experiment we need to know the hypothesis given by Mendel who had done…
Q: You have discovered an altered phenotype and cloned the gene responsible. However, the gene you…
A: Introduction :- Phenotype is the morphological characteristics or observable traits , that are the…
Q: Knockout mice are mice in which a functional gene or a group of functional genes are rendered…
A: What happened when RAG1 and RAG2 genes removed to make knockout mice?
Q: Imagine that you need to run an experiment that requires you to alter the current genetic make of…
A: Answer: Introduction:To alter genetic makeup of any organism, denaturation is important process…
Q: The yeast genome has class 1 elements (Ty1, Ty2, and so forth) but no class 2 elements. What is a…
A: Yeast has a very compact genome having 70 % of its DNA as exons, therefore it contains insufficient…
Q: What is using somatic nuclei of transgenic adults to generate other animals with identical genomes?
A: Genomics refers to structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes. Somatic cells…
Q: Do all of them True/False 31) The process by which an electrical charge is used to introduce DNA…
A: Molecular biology is a field of biological sciences that studies the structure, composition and…
Q: What is a fluorophore? If you wanted to fluorescently label a brain cell, describe one way you could…
A: Introduction Brain cells, also known as neurons, are specialized cells that are the basic building…
Q: Suppose that you are studying the role of Protein B, which you believe plays a role in regulating…
A: Apoptosis which is also known as programmed cell death, is defined as a mechanism that will allow…
Q: What do you suppose is the phenotype of this mutant strain?
A: the phenotype of this mutant strain is haploid, loss of mutations are Recessive
Q: What is the most ideal genetic model organism and discuss why
A: Genetics is the branch of science (biology) that deals with the examination and understanding of the…
Q: Woolly mammoths have been extinct for about 10,000 years, but we often find their well- preserved…
A: Cloning is a process which refers to producing multiple organisms of same type. Researchers have…
Q: Not all inherited traits are determined by nuclear genes (i.e., genes located in the cell nucleus)…
A: The process of producing a genetically identical clone of an animal is called as reproductive…
Q: Suppose a 10-year old patient has come to your office with a very rare disease. One so rare that…
A: The central dogma theory is an important concept in molecular biology that explains the flow of…
Q: researchers have been able to clonemammals by fusing a cell having a diploid nucleus (i.e., a…
A: Step 1 Cloning is the process that produces individuals with identical or virtually identical DNA…
Q: are using the restriction enzyme HAEIII to digest different samples of the taster gene isolated from…
A: In gel electrophoresis DNA to be tested is broken down by various restriction endonucleases into…
Q: A technique called fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is described. In this method, a labeled…
A: FISH (Fluorescence in situ hybridization) is the molecular cytogenetic of hybridization, in which a…
Q: Suppose that you are studying the role of Protein B, which you believe plays a role in regulating…
A: Apoptosis is a process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms. It is a…
Q: Suppose that you could undergo genetic testing at age 18 for susceptibility to a genetic disease…
A: Genetic diseases are caused due to mutations in the genes that are acquired from the parents or can…
Q: The following diagram outlines how the process of cloning a sheep was accomplished. Cloning is the…
A: gene cloning is a process of producing the exact same of the gene of the interest. Replicating…
Q: Suppose that you could inject a wild-type mouse zygote with a specific CRISPR RNA and the Cas9…
A: CRISPR-Cas9 is a genome editing tool. It helps researchers to edit or change the gene from the…
Q: Describe how you would use replica plating of mutagenized, haploid yeast cells to identify…
A: The mutants that have a permissive temperature lower than the restrictive temperature are called…
Q: You are studying a new gene “X” that you think controls skin color in Bearded Dragons. In order to…
A: PCR stands for polymerase chain reaction. It is responsible for amplifying the specific region of…
Q: Using a laser beam, you isolated several R bands from human chromosomes. Answer the following…
A: R bands, also called reverse bands, are distinct chromosomal regions that glow darkly under a…
Q: The following diagram outlines how the process of cloning a sheep was accomplished. Cloning is the…
A: The gene is the basic unit of heredity of all living organisms. Most of the organelles contain…
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- researchers have been able to clonemammals by fusing a cell having a diploid nucleus (i.e., a somaticcell) with an egg that has had its nucleus removed.A. With regard to maternal effect genes, would the phenotype ofsuch a cloned animal be determined by the animal that donatedthe egg or by the animal that donated the somatic cell? Explain.B. Would the cloned animal inherit extranuclear traits from theanimal that donated the egg or from the animal that donated thesomatic cell? Explain.C. In what ways would you expect this cloned animal to be similarto or different from the animal that donated the somatic cell? Isit fair to call such an animal a clone of the animal that donatedthe diploid nucleus?In yeast, you have sequenced a piece of wild-type DNA and it clearly contains a gene, but you do not know what gene it is. Therefore, to investigate further, you would like to find out its mutant phenotype. How would you use the cloned wild-type gene to do so? Show your experimental steps clearlyIn a genomic comparison between humans and yeast, what geneswould you expect to be similar?
- When the cloned cat Carbon Copy (CC) was born , she had black patches and white patches, but completely lacked any orange patches. The knowledgeablestudents of genetics were not surprised at this outcome.Starting with the somatic ovarian cell used as the sourceof the nucleus in the cloning process, explain how this outcomeoccurred.. The position of the gene for the protein actin in the haploid fungus Neurospora is known from the complete genome sequence. If you had a slow-growing mutant thatyou suspected of being an actin mutant and you wantedto verify that it was one, would you (a) clone the mutantby using convenient restriction sites flanking the actingene and then sequence it or (b) amplify the mutantgene by using PCR and then sequence it?Do all of them True/False 31) The process by which an electrical charge is used to introduce DNA into a cell to produce a transgenic organism is called electroporation.Answer: 32) Reproductive cloning is used to produce large amounts of mammalian proteins from transgenic agricultural animals such as cattle.Answer: 33) In gene addition, homologous recombination is used to remove the original gene and replace it with the cloned gene.Answer: 34) All stem cells have the potential to differentiateAnswer: 35) A bone marrow transplant involves the transfer of multipotent stem cellsAnswer: 36) The fact that in mammalian systems multiple genes may compensate for the loss of a gene is called gene redundancy.Answer:
- You have a strain of Neurospora that is unable to synthesize histidine and thus requires H in the media in order to grow. You have isolated one revertant colony. Predict the expected proportion of the progeny that would be h+ if you cross the colony with the original mutant colony and the reversion occurred by each of the following mechanisms: Precise change of the mutated base back to its original base. A suppressor gene is mutated on a different chromosome A suppressor gene is mutated on the same chromosome but 10mu distant from the mutated gene. The mutant colony is crossed to a wild-type Neurospora colony and the following data are collected. 95% of all asci scored are h+ but 5% are h-. Which mechanism in part a is consistent with these data? Explain why and what has happened on a molecular level.Suppose that you could inject a wild-type mouse zygote with a specific CRISPR RNA and the Cas9 enzyme. The RNA directs the Cas9 enzyme to make adouble-strand break within a gene that you think maybe responsible for a heritable disease. Diagram inrough form how you might inject at the same time another nucleic acid molecule (here, a double-strandedDNA) to exploit homologous recombination so thatyou could convert the wild-type allele of the gene to aspecific mutant allele.Describe how you would use replica plating of mutagenized, haploid yeast cells to identify temperature-sensitive (ts) mutations in essential genes needed for yeast growth and survival.
- The temperature at which the primers and target DNA hybridize may be changed to influence the stringency of PCR amplification. What effect will changing the hybridization temperature have on the amplification? Let's say you have a certain yeast gene A and want to check whether it has a human equivalent. How might managing the hybridization's rigor benefit you?A yeast strain with a mutant spo11- allele has been isolated. The mutant allele is nonfunctional; it makes no spo11 protein. What do you suppose is the phenotype of this mutant strain?Suppose that you could undergo genetic testing at age 18 for susceptibility to a genetic disease that would not appear until middle age and has no available treatment. a. What would be some of the possible reasons for having such a genetic test and some of the possible reasons for not having the test? b. Would you personally want to be tested? Explain your reasoning.
