Suppose that the demand curve of the labor market is p=105-q. where p is the price of labor (wage) and q is the number of workers employed. There are 100 people who are willing to work for any wage. In this situation, the unemployment rate (UR) has been recorded at 5%. This means that the current wages are at a level where the UR is 5%. Now, suppose the government sets a policy goal of raising the current wage rate by 20%. We can expect this policy to change the UR from 5% to (1)_ %.
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- The college graduates of 2000 could hardly have asked for better luck. The unemployment ratedropped to 4.1 % in May 2000- roughly, the lowest level in a generation- and employers wereliterally scrambling for new hires. Starting salaries rose, many graduating seniors had numerousjob offers, and some firms even offered $10,000- $20,000 bonuses to students who signed thedotted line. Three years later, the job market for the Class of 2003 was rather different. U.S. economic growth had slowed to a crawl, and then to a halt. Companies that had stocked up on recent college grads in the tighter labour markets of 1998-2000 found themselves with more than they knew what to do with in 2002 and 2003. They were not eager to hire more. Bonuses and other “perks” disappeared; job offers became scarcer. With the unemployment rate around 6% in May and June of 2003, the job market was far from the worst ever. But it was nothing like the glory days of 2000. Discussion:(i) Briefly explain and justify…Suppose the world price of steel falls substantially. The demand for labor among steel-producing firms in Pennsylvania willdecrease . The demand for labor among automobile-producing firms in Michigan, for which steel is an input, willincrease . The temporary unemployment resulting from such sectoral shifts in the economy is best described asfrictional unemployment. Suppose the government wants to reduce this type of unemployment. Which of the following policies would help achieve this goal? Check all that apply.E1 3. [Employment and Unemployment] Suppose a country has a working-age population of 500people. The demand and supply functions of its labor market are:w=300-0.5L w=60+0.1Lwhere w is the wage, L is the quantity of labor. The labor market has search friction so thatthose that are looking for a job may not immediately find one even when there are openings.Specifically, Assume the number of job matches (i.e. employment) is given by: 0.8L(a) Find the equilibrium wage and the actual number of employed people. Calculate thelabor force participation rate and unemployment rate. (b) The COVID-19 pandemic lowers the labor demand, and the new labor demand becomesw=240-0.5L. Assume that the wage can adjust quickly, find the equilibrium wage and theactual number of employed people during the pandemic. (c) Briefly explain in words, and with a specific example of each, the difference betweenstructural and frictional unemployment.
- Consider an economy with two labor markets—onefor manufacturing workers and one for serviceworkers. Suppose initially that neither is unionized.a. If manufacturing workers formed a union, whatwould you expect to happen to the wages andemployment in manufacturing?b. How would these changes in the manufacturinglabor market affect the supply of labor in themarket for service workers? What would happento the equilibrium wage and employment in thislabor market?"The Department of Employment and Labour's National Minimum Wage Commission is recommending an above-inflation hike to the NMW for 2023, which could see the rate for domestic workers jump to R25.05 an hour." Assume that initially the market for domestic workers is at equilibrium at point A on demand curve D₂ in the Figure. If the new minimum wage rate is enforced above point A... Price per CD O A. there will be an excess of labour. O B. there will be a shortage of labour. O C. the demand curve will shift to D3 O D. the demand curve will shift to D1 03 D2 -D₁ Quantity AIf the unemployment rate is 6% before a rise in government purchases, and if a rise in government purchases induces the typicalunemployed person to search 10% longer in the hopes of finding ahigh-paying government job, what will the unemployment rate beafter the rise in government purchases? Only consider the impactof this waiting-for-a-good-job effect.
- Suppose the world price of cotton falls substantially. The demand for labor among cotton-producing firms in Texas will The demand for labor among textile-producing firms in South Carolina, for which cotton is an input, will The temporary unemployment resulting from such sectoral shifts in the economy is best described as v unemployment. Suppose the government wants to reduce this type of unemployment. Which of the following policies would help achieve this goal? Check all that apply. O Improving a widely used job-search website so that it matches workers to job vacancies more effectively O Increasing the benefits offered to unemployed workers through the government's unemployment insurance program O Extending the number of weeks for which unemployed workers are eligible for unemployment insurance benefits from the governmentThe diagram on the right shows a perfectly competitive labour market. The initial equilibrium is with wage w* and employment L*. a. Suppose the demand for labour decreases to D'L. If wages are perfectly flexible, what is the effect on the wages and employment? If wages are perfectly flexible, wages will decrease decrease and employment will Use the point drawing tool to plot the new equilibrium point. Carefully follow the instructions above, and only draw the required object. Real Wage Part a Employment OUif the wage gap falls, then unemployment is like to fall O True O False
- “The unemployment rate dropped to 6.6 per cent in January 2022, which is lower than the pre-pandemiclevels of 7.2 per cent in January 2020. However, the reason behind the dip in unemployment is not theaddition of jobs — rather, it was caused by the decline in the number of people looking for jobs. The numberof unemployed people fell by [6 600 000] in January 2022, as they stopped looking for jobs. Consequently,they were no longer counted as unemployed.”Source: https://www.indiatoday.in/diu/story/unemployment-rate-down-jobs-creation-job-seekers-1915703-2022-02-21Accessed: 21/02/22 1. The unemployment figure presented here is the… a) Seasonal unemployment.b) Narrow definition.c) Expanded definition.d) Real unemployment. 2. Demand-pull inflation can occur when…a) There is a shortage of investment and investors bid up interest rates.b) Inventories shrink and consumers bid up prices.c) There is a surplus of resources and so wages are bid up by employers.d) Undesired investment occurs. 3.…Between January 2012 and January 2019,U.S. employment increased by 17.3 million workers,but the number of unemployed workers declined byonly 6.3 million. How are these numbers consistentwith each other? Why might one expect a reductionin the number of people counted as unemployed tobe smaller than the increase in the number of peopleemployed?Suppose the world price of steel falls substantially. The demand for labor among steel-producing firms in Pennsylvania willdecrease . The demand for labor among automobile-producing firms in Michigan, for which steel is an input, willincrease . The temporary unemployment resulting from such sectoral shifts in the economy is best described asfrictional unemployment.