Suppose R and S are two equivalence relations on a set A. Prove that ROS is also an equivalence relation. (For an example of this, look at Figure 11.2. Observe that for the equivalence relations R2, R3 and R4, we have R2 R3 = R4.)
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- Let and be lines in a plane. Decide in each case whether or not is an equivalence relation, and justify your decisions. if and only ifand are parallel. if and only ifand are perpendicular.In each of the following parts, a relation is defined on the set of all human beings. Determine whether the relation is reflective, symmetric, or transitive. Justify your answers. xRy if and only if x lives within 400 miles of y. xRy if and only if x is the father of y. xRy if and only if x is a first cousin of y. xRy if and only if x and y were born in the same year. xRy if and only if x and y have the same mother. xRy if and only if x and y have the same hair colour.True or False Label each of the following statements as either true or false. Let be an equivalence relation on a nonempty setand let and be in. If, then.
- Prove Theorem 1.40: If is an equivalence relation on the nonempty set , then the distinct equivalence classes of form a partition of .Label each of the following statements as either true or false. Let R be a relation on a nonempty set A that is symmetric and transitive. Since R is symmetric xRy implies yRx. Since R is transitive xRy and yRx implies xRx. Hence R is alsoreflexive and thus an equivalence relation on A.Let A=R0, the set of all nonzero real numbers, and consider the following relations on AA. Decide in each case whether R is an equivalence relation, and justify your answers. (a,b)R(c,d) if and only if ad=bc. (a,b)R(c,d) if and only if ab=cd. (a,b)R(c,d) if and only if a2+b2=c2+d2. (a,b)R(c,d) if and only if ab=cd.
- Label each of the following statements as either true or false. If R is an equivalence relation on a nonempty set A, then any two equivalence classes of R contain the same number of element.In Exercises 610, a relation R is defined on the set Z of all integers, In each case, prove that R is an equivalence relation. Find the distinct equivalence classes of R and least four members of each. xRy if and only if x2+y2 is a multiple of 2.Let (A) be the power set of the nonempty set A, and let C denote a fixed subset of A. Define R on (A) by xRy if and only if xC=yC. Prove that R is an equivalence relation on (A).
- Determine whether the set S={1,x2,2+x2} spans P2.In Exercises , a relation is defined on the set of all integers. In each case, prove that is an equivalence relation. Find the distinct equivalence classes of and list at least four members of each. 10. if and only if .True or False Label each of the following statements as either true or false. If is an equivalence relation on a nonempty set, then the distinct equivalence classes of form a partition of.