Suppose new incoming cohort of Data Science Certificate program are given a multiple choice test before they take the lecture on specific material and then again after they complete the lecture on the subject. We want to find out whether teaching the material leads to improvement in students’ knowledge (i.e. test score). The before and after tests results are provided in the table below. Using the data, draw conclusion on whether the lectures have an impact on the performance. score-before score-after 18 22 21 25 16 17 22 24 19 16 24 29 17 20 21 23 23 19 18 20 14 15 16 15 16 18 19 26 18 18 20 24 12 18 22 25 15 19 17 16
Inverse Normal Distribution
The method used for finding the corresponding z-critical value in a normal distribution using the known probability is said to be an inverse normal distribution. The inverse normal distribution is a continuous probability distribution with a family of two parameters.
Mean, Median, Mode
It is a descriptive summary of a data set. It can be defined by using some of the measures. The central tendencies do not provide information regarding individual data from the dataset. However, they give a summary of the data set. The central tendency or measure of central tendency is a central or typical value for a probability distribution.
Z-Scores
A z-score is a unit of measurement used in statistics to describe the position of a raw score in terms of its distance from the mean, measured with reference to standard deviation from the mean. Z-scores are useful in statistics because they allow comparison between two scores that belong to different normal distributions.
Suppose new incoming cohort of Data Science Certificate program are given a multiple choice test before they take the lecture on specific material and then again after they complete the lecture on the subject. We want to find out whether teaching the material leads to improvement in students’ knowledge (i.e. test score). The before and after tests results are provided in the table below. Using the data, draw conclusion on whether the lectures have an impact on the performance.
| score-before | score-after |
| 18 | 22 |
| 21 | 25 |
| 16 | 17 |
| 22 | 24 |
| 19 | 16 |
| 24 | 29 |
| 17 | 20 |
| 21 | 23 |
| 23 | 19 |
| 18 | 20 |
| 14 | 15 |
| 16 | 15 |
| 16 | 18 |
| 19 | 26 |
| 18 | 18 |
| 20 | 24 |
| 12 | 18 |
| 22 | 25 |
| 15 | 19 |
| 17 | 16 |
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