Study using Repeated Measures Design: Here is a study using Repeated Measures Design -Do an APA results section write-up (do use the correct format for showing results). Don't forget to include (M= ,SD= ) for the Factor A along with the F. Interpretation/Recommendation as always is important and should be exacting. Memory studies show that levels of processing matter in encoding, storage and retrieval. Dr. Smith works with clients with memory impairments who are currently taking classes and wants to see what type of presentation best aids memory for words. The sample consists of boys, men, girls and women from the ages of 6-66 years enrolled in some type of educational class. All participants have an IEP and a diagnosis of moderate short and long-term memory impairment. This study has N=50 with 10 participants (n) being exposed to each word type condition (a=5). For five consecutive days, participants sit in front of a computer screen for 20 minutes (from 11:00 am-11:20 a.m.). Each word, regardless of which presentation form is currently shown, is kept on the screen for 45 seconds. After each presentation condition participants are then given 10 minutes to write down all of the words they remember. The words must be accurately remembered (no similar terms, misspellings, etc.) in order to be scored as a remembered word. Dr. Smith believes engaging in this computer-generated exercise for 20 minutes daily over a 5 day period will not create fatigue or practice carry-over effects, as each participant engages in just one condition per day. Results: A1 presentation is seeing the word alone (A1, M=7, SD=1.20). A2 presentation is seeing the word with a picture (A2, M=8, SD=2.24). A3 presentation is seeing the word and hearing the word spoken (A3, M=5, SD=.89). A4 presentation is seeing the word and seeing it be used in a sentence (A4, M=15, SD=1). A5 presentation is seeing the word and 3 synonyms for that word listed underneath (A5, M=6, SD=2). ‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘ The study was conducted and results analyzed, with F=12.32. Dr. Smith used an alpha level of .01. NOTE: WHEN LOOKING UP CRITICAL F IN THE DISTRIBUTION IF THE EXACT NUMBER FOR DEGREES OF FREEDOM IS NOT THERE USE THE ONE THAT IS CLOSEST IN DETERMINING YOUR CRITICAL F. Eta squared = .88. Tukey’s HSD=3.35. The APA write up needs to include: - Correct APA presentation of the results - Explanation, should there be statistical significance, of how Tukey’s was used to state where significance lies. - Explanation of eta squared - Recommendation of what is the best, if any, condition (words & presentation/s). Be exacting here. [As this is a repeated measures study, all participants see all of the same words and participate in all of the 5 conditions. Dr. Smith is prudent so word presentations are counter balanced, such that participants start with different presentation forms of the words. Thus, participant 1 (P1) might have word alone on day one (A1), word and picture day two(A2), word and sound day three(A3), word and sentence day four(A4), word and synonyms on day five(A5). Participant 2 (P2) might have word and picture day one(A2), word and sound day two(A3), word and sentence day three(A4), word and synonym day four (A5) and word alone day five (A1). This would continue so that presentations started with different conditions as often as possible.]
Study using Repeated Measures Design:
Here is a study using Repeated Measures Design -Do an APA results section write-up (do use the correct format for showing results). Don't forget to include (M= ,SD= ) for the Factor A along with the F. Interpretation/Recommendation as always is important and should be exacting.
Memory studies show that levels of processing matter in encoding, storage and retrieval. Dr. Smith works with clients with memory impairments who are currently taking classes and wants to see what type of presentation best aids memory for words.
The sample consists of boys, men, girls and women from the ages of 6-66 years enrolled in some type of educational class. All participants have an IEP and a diagnosis of moderate short and long-term memory impairment.
This study has N=50 with 10 participants (n) being exposed to each word type condition (a=5).
For five consecutive days, participants sit in front of a computer screen for 20 minutes (from 11:00 am-11:20 a.m.). Each word, regardless of which presentation form is currently shown, is kept on the screen for 45 seconds. After each presentation condition participants are then given 10 minutes to write down all of the words they remember. The words must be accurately remembered (no similar terms, misspellings, etc.) in order to be scored as a remembered word.
Dr. Smith believes engaging in this computer-generated exercise for 20 minutes daily over a 5 day period will not create fatigue or practice carry-over effects, as each participant engages in just one condition per day.
Results:
A1 presentation is seeing the word alone (A1, M=7, SD=1.20).
A2 presentation is seeing the word with a picture (A2, M=8, SD=2.24).
A3 presentation is seeing the word and hearing the word spoken (A3, M=5, SD=.89).
A4 presentation is seeing the word and seeing it be used in a sentence (A4, M=15, SD=1).
A5 presentation is seeing the word and 3 synonyms for that word listed underneath (A5, M=6, SD=2).
‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘
The study was conducted and results analyzed, with F=12.32. Dr. Smith used an alpha level of .01.
NOTE: WHEN LOOKING UP CRITICAL F IN THE DISTRIBUTION IF THE EXACT NUMBER FOR DEGREES OF FREEDOM IS NOT THERE USE THE ONE THAT IS CLOSEST IN DETERMINING YOUR CRITICAL F.
Eta squared = .88. Tukey’s HSD=3.35.
The APA write up needs to include:
- Correct APA presentation of the results
- Explanation, should there be statistical significance, of how Tukey’s was used to state where significance lies.
- Explanation of eta squared
- Recommendation of what is the best, if any, condition (words & presentation/s). Be exacting here.
[As this is a repeated measures study, all participants see all of the same words and participate in all of the 5 conditions. Dr. Smith is prudent so word presentations are counter balanced, such that participants start with different presentation forms of the words. Thus, participant 1 (P1) might have word alone on day one (A1), word and picture day two(A2), word and sound day three(A3), word and sentence day four(A4), word and synonyms on day five(A5). Participant 2 (P2) might have word and picture day one(A2), word and sound day two(A3), word and sentence day three(A4), word and synonym day four (A5) and word alone day five (A1). This would continue so that presentations started with different conditions as often as possible.]
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