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Steam is the working fluid in the ideal Rankine cycle 1–2–3–4–1 and in the Carnot cycle 1–2–3'–4'–1 that both operate between pressures of 1 bar and 100 bar as shown in the T–s diagram in the figure below. Both cycles incorporate the steady flow devices.       For each cycle determine: (a) the net power developed per unit mass of steam flowing, in kJ/kg. (b) the percent thermal efficiency.

Steam is the working fluid in the ideal Rankine cycle 1–2–3–4–1 and in the Carnot cycle 1–2–3'–4'–1 that both operate between pressures of 1 bar and 100 bar as shown in the T–s diagram in the figure below. Both cycles incorporate the steady flow devices.       For each cycle determine: (a) the net power developed per unit mass of steam flowing, in kJ/kg. (b) the percent thermal efficiency.

Elements Of Electromagnetics
Elements Of Electromagnetics
7th Edition
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
ChapterMA: Math Assessment
Section: Chapter Questions
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Steam is the working fluid in the ideal Rankine cycle 1–2–3–4–1 and in the Carnot cycle 1–2–3'–4'–1 that both operate between pressures of 1 bar and 100 bar as shown in the T–s diagram in the figure below. Both cycles incorporate the steady flow devices.
 
 
 

For each cycle determine:

(a) the net power developed per unit mass of steam flowing, in kJ/kg.

(b) the percent thermal efficiency.

### Thermodynamic State Analysis #### Diagram Explanation The figure above is a T-s (Temperature vs. Entropy) diagram depicting a thermodynamic cycle involving various states. The process transitions between high pressure (100 bar) and low pressure (1 bar) with various intermediate states. - **States 1 and 1'**: These states are indicated at a high pressure of 100 bar. - **States 3 and 3'**: These states are at a low pressure of 1 bar. - The diagram shows isothermal (constant temperature) and isobaric (constant pressure) processes across different stages of the cycle. #### Data Table Explanation The table provided below the diagram lists the properties of the system at various states within the cycle. | **State** | **Pressure (p)** <br> (bar) | **Enthalpy (h)** <br> (kJ/kg) | **Quality (x)** <br> (dimensionless) | **Specific Volume (v)** <br> (m³/kg) | |-----------|------------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------------|---------------------------------------| | 1 | 100 | 2724 | 1 | -- | | 2 | 1 | 2024 | 0.7117 | -- | | 3' | 1 | 1184 | 0.3396 | -- | | 3 | 1 | 417.9 | 0 | 0.001043 | | 4 | 100 | 428.3 | -- | -- | | 4' | 100 | 1408 | 0 | -- | - **State 1**: At a pressure of 100 bar and an enthalpy of 2724 kJ/kg, state 1 is identified by a steam quality of 1, indicating it is fully vaporized. - **State 2**: At 1 bar, with an enthalpy of 2024 kJ/kg, and steam quality of 0.7117, indicating a mixture of liquid and vapor. - **State 3'**: At 1 bar, the enthalpy is 1184 kJ/kg with a steam quality of 0.3396. - **State 3**:
Transcribed Image Text:### Thermodynamic State Analysis #### Diagram Explanation The figure above is a T-s (Temperature vs. Entropy) diagram depicting a thermodynamic cycle involving various states. The process transitions between high pressure (100 bar) and low pressure (1 bar) with various intermediate states. - **States 1 and 1'**: These states are indicated at a high pressure of 100 bar. - **States 3 and 3'**: These states are at a low pressure of 1 bar. - The diagram shows isothermal (constant temperature) and isobaric (constant pressure) processes across different stages of the cycle. #### Data Table Explanation The table provided below the diagram lists the properties of the system at various states within the cycle. | **State** | **Pressure (p)** <br> (bar) | **Enthalpy (h)** <br> (kJ/kg) | **Quality (x)** <br> (dimensionless) | **Specific Volume (v)** <br> (m³/kg) | |-----------|------------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------------|---------------------------------------| | 1 | 100 | 2724 | 1 | -- | | 2 | 1 | 2024 | 0.7117 | -- | | 3' | 1 | 1184 | 0.3396 | -- | | 3 | 1 | 417.9 | 0 | 0.001043 | | 4 | 100 | 428.3 | -- | -- | | 4' | 100 | 1408 | 0 | -- | - **State 1**: At a pressure of 100 bar and an enthalpy of 2724 kJ/kg, state 1 is identified by a steam quality of 1, indicating it is fully vaporized. - **State 2**: At 1 bar, with an enthalpy of 2024 kJ/kg, and steam quality of 0.7117, indicating a mixture of liquid and vapor. - **State 3'**: At 1 bar, the enthalpy is 1184 kJ/kg with a steam quality of 0.3396. - **State 3**:
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