Spheres of 40-mm diameter heated to a uniform temperature of 400°C are suddenly removed from the oven and placed in a forced-air bath operating at 25°C with a convection coefficient of 300 W/m² K on the sphere surfaces. The thermophysical properties of the sphere material are p = 3000 kg/m³, c = 850 J/kg-K, and k = 15 W/m.K. (a) How long must the spheres remain in the air bath for 80% of the thermal energy to be removed?

Elements Of Electromagnetics
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ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
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**Problem 5.78**

Spheres of 40-mm diameter, heated to a uniform temperature of 400°C, are suddenly removed from the oven and placed in a forced-air bath operating at 25°C with a convection coefficient of 300 W/m²·K on the sphere surfaces. The thermophysical properties of the sphere material are:
- Density \( \rho = 3000 \, \text{kg/m}^3 \)
- Specific heat capacity \( c = 850 \, \text{J/kg·K} \)
- Thermal conductivity \( k = 15 \, \text{W/m·K} \)

**(a)** How long must the spheres remain in the air bath for 80% of the thermal energy to be removed?

**(b)** The spheres are then placed in a packing carton that prevents further heat transfer to the environment. What uniform temperature will the spheres eventually reach?
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem 5.78** Spheres of 40-mm diameter, heated to a uniform temperature of 400°C, are suddenly removed from the oven and placed in a forced-air bath operating at 25°C with a convection coefficient of 300 W/m²·K on the sphere surfaces. The thermophysical properties of the sphere material are: - Density \( \rho = 3000 \, \text{kg/m}^3 \) - Specific heat capacity \( c = 850 \, \text{J/kg·K} \) - Thermal conductivity \( k = 15 \, \text{W/m·K} \) **(a)** How long must the spheres remain in the air bath for 80% of the thermal energy to be removed? **(b)** The spheres are then placed in a packing carton that prevents further heat transfer to the environment. What uniform temperature will the spheres eventually reach?
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