Some strains of Escherichia coli bacteria have acquired the ability to produce the harmful Shiga toxin, normally produced by Shigella dysenteriae. Which statements best explain why this occurs? Mark all that apply.   A. conjugation between two different species of bacteria allowed both strains of bacteria to express a virulence factor B. transformation resulted in expression of a virulence factor C. horizontal gene transfer between different species of bacteria D.  transduction of a specific gene resulted in expression of new traits

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Genetic Recombination

Recombination is crucial to this process because it allows genes to be reassorted into diverse combinations. Genetic recombination is the process of combining genetic components from two different origins into a single unit. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination takes place by the unilateral transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. The genetic exchange occurring between homologous deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (DNA) from two different sources is termed general recombination. For this to happen, an identical sequence of the two recombining molecules is required. The process of genetic exchange which occurs in eukaryotes during sexual reproduction such as meiosis is an example of this type of genetic recombination.

Microbial Genetics

Genes are the functional units of heredity. They transfer characteristic information from parents to the offspring.