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Some neurons have very long dendritic arbors. Scientists wanted to understand how synaptic currents from these distal dendrites can cause action potentials. Traditionally, dendrites have been thought of as places where current is spread passively, with no action potentials (model 1). However, recently work has revealed that in some neurons, there are voltage-gated Na+ channels that facilitate the creation of spikes (model 2). B 1.010 soma dendrite 0.8- 0.6- 0.4- 0.2- 0.0- 0 100 200 300 Dendritic recording distance (um) 15 mV 10 ms Cell 3 400 Cell 2 In this experiment, scientists injected currents at different distances from the soma of a pyramidal neuron while recording voltage at the soma. On the left is a hippocampal pyramidal neuron with electrodes located at the soma and on the primary dendrites. The bottom electrode is recording from the soma, and the top electrode is recording from the dendrite. The black dots on the most distal dendrites represent synapses. This allowed them to measure the decay of the voltage change over dendritic distance. A. What is the approximate value of lambda, the length constant, for these dendrites? B. Say that an input onto a synapse 200 μm away from the soma of one of these neurons resulted in a 40mV depolarization. Assume a resting membrane potential of -65mV and a threshold of -40mV and that the dendrite can be modeled as a cable. Under Model 1, would the neuron generate an action potential? Justify your response with words and calculations. (roughly 4 sentences with math) C. Say that an input onto a synapse 200 µm away from the soma of one of these neurons resulted in a 40mV depolarization. Under Model 2, would the neuron generate an action potential? Justify in words (roughly 1 sentence)

Some neurons have very long dendritic arbors. Scientists wanted to understand how synaptic currents from these distal dendrites can cause action potentials. Traditionally, dendrites have been thought of as places where current is spread passively, with no action potentials (model 1). However, recently work has revealed that in some neurons, there are voltage-gated Na+ channels that facilitate the creation of spikes (model 2). B 1.010 soma dendrite 0.8- 0.6- 0.4- 0.2- 0.0- 0 100 200 300 Dendritic recording distance (um) 15 mV 10 ms Cell 3 400 Cell 2 In this experiment, scientists injected currents at different distances from the soma of a pyramidal neuron while recording voltage at the soma. On the left is a hippocampal pyramidal neuron with electrodes located at the soma and on the primary dendrites. The bottom electrode is recording from the soma, and the top electrode is recording from the dendrite. The black dots on the most distal dendrites represent synapses. This allowed them to measure the decay of the voltage change over dendritic distance. A. What is the approximate value of lambda, the length constant, for these dendrites? B. Say that an input onto a synapse 200 μm away from the soma of one of these neurons resulted in a 40mV depolarization. Assume a resting membrane potential of -65mV and a threshold of -40mV and that the dendrite can be modeled as a cable. Under Model 1, would the neuron generate an action potential? Justify your response with words and calculations. (roughly 4 sentences with math) C. Say that an input onto a synapse 200 µm away from the soma of one of these neurons resulted in a 40mV depolarization. Under Model 2, would the neuron generate an action potential? Justify in words (roughly 1 sentence)

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Some neurons have very long dendritic arbors. Scientists wanted to understand how synaptic currents from these distal dendrites can cause action potentials. Traditionally, dendrites have been thought of as places where current is spread passively, with no action potentials (model 1). However, recent work has revealed that in some neurons, there are voltage-gated Na+ channels that facilitate the creation of spikes (model 2). In this experiment, scientists injected currents at different distances from the soma of a pyramidal neuron while recording voltage at the soma. On the left is a hippocampal pyramidal neuron with electrodes located at the soma and on the primary dendrites. The bottom electrode is recording from the soma, and the top electrode is recording from the dendrite. The black dots on the most distal dendrites represent synapses. This allowed them to measure the decay of the voltage change over dendritic distance. ### Graph Description: The graph shows the relative voltage (\( V_{\text{soma}}/V_{\text{dendrite}} \)) on the y-axis versus dendritic recording distance in micrometers (µm) on the x-axis, ranging from 0 to 400 µm. There are two curves labeled "Cell 3" and "Cell 2." The voltage decreases as the distance increases, showing how voltage changes or decays along the dendrite. ### Questions: A. What is the approximate value of lambda, the length constant, for these dendrites? B. Say that an input onto a synapse 200 µm away from the soma of one of these neurons resulted in a 40 mV depolarization. Assume a resting membrane potential of -65 mV and a threshold of -40 mV and that the dendrite can be modeled as a cable. Under Model 1, would the neuron generate an action potential? Justify your response with words and calculations. (roughly 4 sentences with math) C. Say that an input onto a synapse 200 µm away from the soma of one of these neurons resulted in a 40 mV depolarization. Under Model 2, would the neuron generate an action potential? Justify in words (roughly 1 sentence).
Transcribed Image Text:Some neurons have very long dendritic arbors. Scientists wanted to understand how synaptic currents from these distal dendrites can cause action potentials. Traditionally, dendrites have been thought of as places where current is spread passively, with no action potentials (model 1). However, recent work has revealed that in some neurons, there are voltage-gated Na+ channels that facilitate the creation of spikes (model 2). In this experiment, scientists injected currents at different distances from the soma of a pyramidal neuron while recording voltage at the soma. On the left is a hippocampal pyramidal neuron with electrodes located at the soma and on the primary dendrites. The bottom electrode is recording from the soma, and the top electrode is recording from the dendrite. The black dots on the most distal dendrites represent synapses. This allowed them to measure the decay of the voltage change over dendritic distance. ### Graph Description: The graph shows the relative voltage (\( V_{\text{soma}}/V_{\text{dendrite}} \)) on the y-axis versus dendritic recording distance in micrometers (µm) on the x-axis, ranging from 0 to 400 µm. There are two curves labeled "Cell 3" and "Cell 2." The voltage decreases as the distance increases, showing how voltage changes or decays along the dendrite. ### Questions: A. What is the approximate value of lambda, the length constant, for these dendrites? B. Say that an input onto a synapse 200 µm away from the soma of one of these neurons resulted in a 40 mV depolarization. Assume a resting membrane potential of -65 mV and a threshold of -40 mV and that the dendrite can be modeled as a cable. Under Model 1, would the neuron generate an action potential? Justify your response with words and calculations. (roughly 4 sentences with math) C. Say that an input onto a synapse 200 µm away from the soma of one of these neurons resulted in a 40 mV depolarization. Under Model 2, would the neuron generate an action potential? Justify in words (roughly 1 sentence).
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