Simplify -(wv(qa¬W)) to ¬w^¬q 1. Select a law from the right to apply Laws -(wv(q^¬w)) Distributive Complemen (алb)v(алс) an(bvc) avna (avb)^(avc) av(bac) ала Commutative -T avb bva -F anb bла Identity De Morgan's алт -(anb) -av¬b avF -(avb) ¬an¬b Double nega Conditional a-b navb ab (a→b)^(b→a) %3D

Q: laws of logic to show that ((s VrV¬r) ^ (SV¬rva) ^ (rv¬sva)) = q v¬s.

A: The commutative law deals with the order of operations or the sequence in which elements are…

Q: implify -(-m→(-n^-m)) to ¬man Select a law from the right to apply Laws Distributive Complement…

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Q: (p ^ ¬q) V ¬(p v q) and ¬q b. -p → ¬(q v r) and (q → p) ^ (r → p) a. c. -(p v (¬q ^ (r → p))) and -p…

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Q: Use rules of inference to show that if \x(P(x) → (Q(x) ^ S(x))) and Vx(P(x) ^ R(x)) are true, then…

A: The answer provided below has been developed in a clear step by step manner. Step: 1…

Q: Identify the scope of each of the quantifiers in the following wffs and indicate any free variables.…

A: The formula known as a "Well-Formed Formula" (WFF) consists of variables (capital letters),…

Q: Find all candidate keys 2) fina a cononical cover of the FDs

A: Refer to step 2 for the answer.

Q: Q1. Let a = wz(xyw)*x and B = wzx(ywx)* be a pair of regular expressions defined over the alpha- bet…

A: Given Regular expressions are: α=wz(xyw)*x β=wzx(ywx)* The input variables present in these regular…

Q: Simplify -(qv(n^¬q)) to ¬q^-n 1. Select a law from the right to apply Laws Distributive Complement…

A: To prove : ¬ (q v (n ^ ¬q)) = ¬q ∧ ¬n

Q: Simplify (wap)v-(-wvp) to w 1. Select a law from the right to apply (wap)v¬(-wvp)

A: Here have to determine about minimise Boolean expression.

Q: Question 3 (a) Show that [¬p v (p ^ q)] ^ ¬q → ¬(p v q) by using logical equivalence identities.

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Q: Simplify using the Logical Equivalence Laws or Algebra of Propositions 23. (P v ~Q) ^ (Q v ~S) ^ S…

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Q: Simplify (n^q)v-(-nvq) to n 1. Select a law from the right to apply (n^q)v-(-nvq)

A: The five connectives that are typically used in propositional logic are : OR (∨) AND (∧)…

Q: ∀p∀q∀r((p≡T ∧q≡F ∧r≡T) →[(p∧¬q)⨁r≡T])   TRUE        FALSE   because:     The contrapositive:

A: Note :We’ll answer the first question since the exact one wasn’t specified. Please submit a new…

Q: Simplify (maw)v(m^-w) to m 1. Select a law from the right to apply Laws Distributive (maw)v(ma¬w)…

A: Law used   (a ∧ b) ∨ (a ∧ c) ≡ a ∧ (b ∨ c) a ∨ ¬a ≡ T a ∧ T ≡ a

Q: True or False and Why. (a) {{a}, {b}} = {a, b} (b) A = {A} where A is a set. (c) {{c}, {d}} = {c, d}…

A: Sets:- A set is a collection of distinct items that are grouped together. Each item in a set is…

Q: Prove that (¬A ∨ A ∨ ¬C) ∧ (¬(A ∧ C) ∨ ¬A) ∨ B     is equivelant to    (A ∧ C) → B      using…

A: Here is one way to prove that the two statements are equivalent using equivalence laws: Start with…

Q: Simplify (-svm)^-(sam) to -s 1. Select a law from the right to apply Laws Distributive Complement…

A: To prove : (¬s v m) ∧ ¬(s ∧ m) = ¬s

Q: Problem 3. lence laws taught in the course. Prove the following equivalences using the equiva- 1.…

A: Answer: We have proof of the equivalence  with the help of Truth table and we have explain in each…

Q: Simplify pA(-svs) to p 1. Select a law from the right to apply Laws Distributive Pa(-svs)…

A: NOTE   Below is the answer for the given question.   Hope you understand it well. If you have any…

Q: Prove the following equalities using equivalence laws: a. ¬(¬rA s) ^ (r V s) =r b. r→(-s→t) =…

A: Let's understand step by step :   Proving : Answer (a) : Given : ¬(¬r∧s) ∧  (r∨s) ≡ r   Now…

Q: (а) -(Ал -А) (b) -А — (А > В) (с) AV -A

A: 1) ¬(A^¬A) =¬A V ¬(¬A)              Using DeMorgan's law =¬A V A               = T…

Q: Simplify (-mas)v¬(mvs) to -m 1. Select a law from the right to apply (¬mas)v¬(mvs)

A: We are given a logic expression which we are going to simplify using some inference laws which are…

Q: What is (a --> b) and (¬b --> c) and (¬ c↔¬b) logically equivalent to? Use logic laws and label them

A: Solution:   In order to solve this question, first let's understand the neede truth table.

Q: Write the o function for the following transition graphs (1) dfa (Sp5a : Q ×£→ Q) ak a 91 92 (2) nfa…

A: Transition function for DFA is: δ:Q*ε→Q where Q= Finite set of states ε= input alphabet The…

Q: Determine which of the examples (R₁), (R, +), (M₂ (R), .), and (P(X), U) have idempotents. Try to…

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Q: Select the property(ies) of the given function: f:R - {4} →R- {-1} x+1 f (x) = x-4 f is one to one…

A: If two elements within the domain of f do not correspond to the same element in the f range, then…

Q: Prove that each of the following is a valid argument: (vX)P(x) ^ (3x)Q(x) → (3x)[P(x) ^ Q(x)]…

A: The notation (∀x)P(x) denotes the universal quantification of P(x). Here ∀ is called the universal…

Q: Prove the following logical implication (A ⇒ B) ⇒ ((C ⇒ A) ⇒ (C ⇒ B)) without a truth table

A: Answer in next step

Q: Prove that the following language is not context-free using pumping lemma: {xmy"xm| m >n + 1 > 0}…

A: Pumping Lemma for CFL states that for any Context Free Language L, it is possible to find two…

Q: ng is/are tautology: ) (b) (a^ b)-→ (bv c) c) (d) (a b) → (b→ c)

A: from the questionoptionaa∨b→b∧c≡a+b'+bc=a'b'+b+c not…

Q: 4. Using equivalences previously proven in the lectures, prove the following logical equivalences…

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Q: Prove the following logical implication (A ⇒ B) ⇒ ((C ⇒ A) ⇒ (C ⇒ B)) without a truth table

A: The solution is given below:

Q: Show that (a*b) O (b*c) Ð (c*a) = (a © b) * (b Ð c) * (c O a). Let (L,a ^ b = a ea v b=b.

A: Using boolean logic to solve.

Q: Transform the following logical formulae into a 3-CNF. a) F: (x₁vx₂)^(-x²₂ →x₁) b) G: (X)^(-U v…

A: The CNF following the construction procedure is given by: (x1∨¬x2)∧(x1∨x2).

Q: i. Draw the transition diagram for the machine, M. ii. Describe the set of strings that accepted by…

A: Given data: f(q0,a)=q1, f(q0,b)=q3 , f(q0,c)=q2 , f(q0,d)=q3f(q1,a)=q1, f(q1,b)=q4 , f(q1,c)=q1 ,…

Q: Prove that the following argument is valid. a is an element in the domain. Væ(P(x)V Q(x)) ¬P(a) ..…

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Q: Observe the two functions Fi and F2: F, = ĀBC + ABC + ĀBC + AĒC F2 = AB + ĀC Are these two functions…

A: Here we take some examples and put the value on it and check it.…

Q: For each of the following languages L, state whether L is regular, context-free but not regular, or…

A: Answer: Given some expression to prove which one regular and which one is context free but regular…

Q: Use laws of logic to prove that (p ∧ q ∧ ¬r) ∨ (p ∧ ¬q ∧ ¬r) ≡ p ∧ ¬r.

A: Use laws of logic to prove that (p ∧ q ∧ ¬r) ∨ (p ∧ ¬q ∧ ¬r) ≡ p ∧ ¬r.

Q: Show that 3rVy((A(x) → B(y))^(C(x, y) → B(y))) is logically equivalent to ExVy(-B(y) → (¬A(x) A…

A: Given :   show that ∃x∀y((A(x)→B(y))∧(c(x,y)→B(y))) is logically equivalent to…