shown below. The IP and MAC addresses are shown for hosts A, B, C and D, as well as for the router's interfaces. Consider an IP datagram being sent from node A to node C. Match the source/destination network- or link-layer address at the location (2) by choosing a value from the pulldown list. 77-34-F1-EF-14-72 128.119.97.18 A (1) What is the source MAC address on the frame at point (2)? What is the source IP address of the datagram at point (2)? 68-01-BC-58-AF-24 128.119.50.107 What is the destination MAC address on the frame at point (2)? What is the destination IP address of the datagram at point (2)? CC-A5-81-0B-AE-33 128.119.97.194 (3) 49-FA-BO-3C-E2-7C 128.119.50.60 72-9E-4A-31-9C-42 128.119.240.15 [Choose ] [Choose ] 128.119.240.52 128.119.97.18 4C-90-AA-74-D6-1F 128.119.240.52 (6) (5) C D D5-A0-EE-9A-73-D5 128.119.240.116 4C-9D-AA-74-D6-1F 128.119.97.194 The MAC address of the switch immediately left of location (2). 72-9E-4A-31-9C-42 128.119.240.15 CC-A5-81-OB-AE-33 77-34-F1-EF-14-72 [Choose ]

shown below. The IP and MAC addresses are shown for hosts A, B, C and D, as well as for the router's interfaces. Consider an IP datagram being sent from node A to node C. Match the source/destination network- or link-layer address at the location (2) by choosing a value from the pulldown list. 77-34-F1-EF-14-72 128.119.97.18 A (1) What is the source MAC address on the frame at point (2)? What is the source IP address of the datagram at point (2)? 68-01-BC-58-AF-24 128.119.50.107 What is the destination MAC address on the frame at point (2)? What is the destination IP address of the datagram at point (2)? CC-A5-81-0B-AE-33 128.119.97.194 (3) 49-FA-BO-3C-E2-7C 128.119.50.60 72-9E-4A-31-9C-42 128.119.240.15 [Choose ] [Choose ] 128.119.240.52 128.119.97.18 4C-90-AA-74-D6-1F 128.119.240.52 (6) (5) C D D5-A0-EE-9A-73-D5 128.119.240.116 4C-9D-AA-74-D6-1F 128.119.97.194 The MAC address of the switch immediately left of location (2). 72-9E-4A-31-9C-42 128.119.240.15 CC-A5-81-OB-AE-33 77-34-F1-EF-14-72 [Choose ]

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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Exercise 5.2.6 Use your textbook and the Internet to determine the communication steps in an ARP Request and Response. What steps are involved and how is each message sent ( broadcast to all devices or unicast to a single device)? 1. Based on the interface and the forwarding IP address, ARP consults the appropriate ARP cache for an entry for the forwarding IP address. If an entry is found, ARP skips to step 6. 2. If the entry is not found, ARP builds an ARP Request frame containing the MAC address of the interface sending the ARP Request, the IP address of the interface sending the ARP Request, and the forwarding IP address. ARP then broadcasts the ARP Request using the appropriate interface. 3. All hosts receive the broadcasted frame and the ARP Request is processed. If the receiving host's IP address matches the requested IP address (the forwarding IP address), its ARP cache is updated with the address mapping of the sender of the ARP Request. If the receiving host's IP address does…
2. The following illustration shows a transmission from Host A to Host B using Network Address Translation (NAT). Host A is located inside a Local Area Network (LAN) with an IP address of 192.168.1.2. The LAN is connected to the Wide Area Network (WAN), i.e. the Internet, through a router R1 that conducts NAT. R1 has two interfaces with an internal LAN IP address (192.168.1.1) and and external WAN IP address (127.45.10.35). Host B is located outside the LAN and is a well-known server, e.g., Google's server. Host B has an IP address of 130.160.23.45. Port numbers for the application components running at both hosts are provided in the figure. For a single message M1 being sent from Host A to Host B, please fill in the blanks in the illustration below with the source IP address and Port number at Host A and at the Router R1. Any information not provided may be assumed, however, please state your assumption clearly. Host A Local Area Network (LAN) IP: 192.168.1.2 Port: 5252 Source IP…
14 The following figure shows a TCP transaction. Assume Host A always has data to send, and each packet has size 20 Bytes. Assume Host A has a sending window of 40 Bytes, that is, it can send two "in-flight” packets maximum. Answer the following questions. A. At the time marked "1", i.e., when the first packet times out, will Host A send any packet? if your answer is no, explain why not; if your answer is yes, how many packets will be sent, what are the sequence numbers of them? B. At the time marked "2", i.e., when the ACK of the 2nd packet is received by Host A, will Host A send any packet? if your answer is no, explain why not; if your answer is yes, how many packets will be sent, what are the sequence numbers of them? Host A Host B Seq=80, 20 bytes of data Seq=100, 20 bytes of data Xª 1 2- timeout
IP datagrams on a specific network can carry a maximum of only 440 bytes in the data portion. A node on this network, running an application using TCP generates a TCP segment with 1,900 bytes in the data portion. How many IP packets are transmitted to carry this TCP segment, and what are their sizes (including the header of 20 bytes)?
Consider the LAN below consisting of 12 computers (A-L) connected by two Ethernet bridges. At t=0 the bridging table entries for both bridges are empty. At t = 1, node L sends to node E, and node E replies immediately (well before the next time step). What are the (MAC address, interface) entries in the bridging tables right after these transmissions? Note: interface = port number a) Left-hand-side bridge: (L,15), (E, 8). Right-hand-side bridge: (L,7), (E, 5). b) Left-hand-side bridge: (L,8), (E, 8). Right-hand-side bridge: (L,7), (E, 7). c) Left-hand-side bridge: (L,15), (E,5). Right-hand-side bridge: (L,7), (E, 8). d) Left-hand-side bridge: (L,8), (E,8). Right-hand-side bridge: (L,7), (E, 7).
True or false 6. Before sending a data packet into a packet-switching network, the source must determine all of the links that the packet will traverse between source and destination. 7. With non-persistent connections between a web browser and a web server, it is possible for a single TCP segment to carry two distinct HTTP request messages.
In the above network diagram, IP and MAC addresses are given for network nodes. Suppose Host1 (Shahid) sends a datagram to Host2 (Khalid). What IP and MAC addresses (source and destination) will be written in IP and Data link layer headers respectively, for the following intermediate points from Host1 to Host2?a) Host1 to Router1 (R1)b) Router1 to Router2 (R2)c) Router2 to Host2
The first portion of IPv4 header of an FTP datagram packet is shown below. Offset 0 4 Header Data 0x48007000 OxA0120000 If the datagram was received by a router that is connected to a network with maximum transmit unit (MTU) = 0x3000. Show the headers of the resulting fragments transmitted by the router. Hint: 1) The first few fragments will have total length = MTU. 2) Fragmentation offset refers to datagram payload, not the fragment Fragmento Offset Header Data 0 4 Offset 0 4 Fragment1 Header Data Blank # 1 Fragment2 Offset Header Data 0 4 Blank1 Blank2 Blank # 3 Blank # 4 Blank # 2 Blank # 5 Blank3 Blank4 Blank # 6 Blank5 Blank6 N A A/ A/
Assume the maximum transmission unit (or MTU) of an IP packet on 100 Mbps Ethernet is set at 1500 bytes. Also, assume we are sending our file using IPv6 at the Network layer and UDP at the Transport layer. A typical IPv6 header consists of 40 bytes, a UDP header consists of 8 bytes. Answer the following three questions based on the information provided above. For all answers, enter a decimal integer value without formatting (no commas). 1. How many packets do we have to send in order to transfer a file of 24KB over 100 Mbps Ethernet? packets 2. How many bytes do we have to send at the network layer in order to transfer the above file entirely? bytes 3. How many bytes do we have to send at the data link layer in order to transfer the above file entirely? Assume that the Ethernet header is 14 bytes and the frame checksum is 4 bytes. bytes
Refer to the network figure above, showing two Ethernet Subnets connected through an IP Router, answer the following question 1-5. The devices in each subnet are connected locally to each other through layer two intermediate devices such as Ethernet switch and ethernet hub. For each device in the subnets, both its Internet Protocol (IP )address and its MAC address (also called the Physical address or the Ethernet address are shown. The subnet mask used by all devices is 255.255.255.240 (which is the same as the prefix length “/28”). 1. If Client #1 wants to send a broadcast packet to all the devices on the left subnet (containing client #1, client #2, client #3) what destination IP address should be used? (Mention in both binary and decimal format.) 2. What is the first and last assignable IP address for the left subnet above (containing client #1 and #3)? (Mention in both binary and decimal format.)
39. The figure below shows the TCP Congestion Window for various transmission rounds of a TCP connection. 20 18 16 14 12 10 4 2 2 4 6 10 12 14 16 18 20 Transmission Round How many more (or less) segments will TCP Tahoe send compared to TCP Reno between the transmission rounds 12 and 16 inclusive (i.e., t12 to t16) for the same sequence of events as shown in the graph above (i.e., loss events at t11, tl4 and t16)? a. TCP Tahoe send 13 less segments compared to TCP Reno b. TCP Tahoe send 20 more segments compared to TCP Reno c. TCP Tahoe send 13 more segments compared to TCP Reno d. TCP Tahoe send 20 less segments compared to TCP Reno e. TCP Tahoe send 28 less segments compared to TCP Reno Congestion Window (MSS) 00
13. The following figures plot the timeline for sending TCP segments by host A and TCP ACKS by host B, where “seq #” is the value of the sequence number in the TCP header, and "ACK #” is the value of the acknowledge number in the TCP header. Assume that every segment always includes 500 bytes of data, excluding the TCP header. A seg #: 1000 seq #: 1500 seq #: 2000 seq #: 2500 (1) B ACK #: a ACK #: b ACK #: c ACK #: d A seq #: 1000 seq #: 1500 seq #: 2000 seq #: 2500 (2) B ACK #: r ACK #: s TACK 1) In Figure (1), the second ACK sent out by host B gets lost in the network. a) What are the acknowledge numbers a, b, c, and d? b) Will sender A think the segment with seq#=1500 was lost because it never receives the acknowledgement from B containing ACK# = b? 2) In Figure (2), the second TCP segment from host A to host B gets delayed in the network but later arrives at B. What should be the value for the ACK number r, s and t?