**Network Address Translation (NAT) Illustration: Communication from Host A to Host B**This diagram visually outlines the process of a message transmission from Host A to Host B using Network Address Translation (NAT). - **Host A** is part of a Local Area Network (LAN) with the IP address 192.168.1.2 and using port 5252. - The LAN connects to the Wide Area Network (WAN) through a router, labeled as R1. - **R1** features dual interfaces: - Internal LAN IP address: 192.168.1.1 - External WAN IP address: 127.45.10.35- **Host B** exists outside of the LAN and acts as a well-known server, illustrated here by an IP address of 130.160.23.45, using port 8080.### Diagram ExplanationThe diagram contains two primary sections:1. **Local Area Network (LAN)** - Host A (Source) - IP: 192.168.1.2 - Port: 5252 - Router R1 connects the LAN to the WAN via IP 192.168.1.1.2. **Wide Area Network (WAN)** - Host B (Destination) - IP: 130.160.23.45 - Port: 8080### Instructions for NAT OperationFor a single message (M1) transmitted from Host A to Host B:- Fill in the blanks for both the source and destination IP addresses and ports at Host A and at Router R1.- You are encouraged to assume any information not provided explicitly, but assumptions must be stated clearly.(Note: This information is to facilitate understanding of NAT in networking contexts. It showcases how internal and external IPs interact through NAT to enable secure and efficient data transmission across networks.)

2. The following illustration shows a transmission from Host A to Host B using Network Address Translation (NAT). Host A is located inside a Local Area Network (LAN) with an IP address of 192.168.1.2. The LAN is connected to the Wide Area Network (WAN), i.e. the Internet, through a router R1 that conducts NAT. R1 has two interfaces with an internal LAN IP address (192.168.1.1) and and external WAN IP address (127.45.10.35). Host B is located outside the LAN and is a well-known server, e.g., Google's server. Host B has an IP address of 130.160.23.45. Port numbers for the application components running at both hosts are provided in the figure. For a single message M1 being sent from Host A to Host B, please fill in the blanks in the illustration below with the source IP address and Port number at Host A and at the Router R1. Any information not provided may be assumed, however, please state your assumption clearly. Local Area Network (LAN) Host A (Source) IP: 192.168.1.2 Port: 5252 192.168.1.1 R1 Wide Area Network (WAN) Host B (Destination) IP: 130.160.23.45 Port: 8080

2. The following illustration shows a transmission from Host A to Host B using Network Address Translation (NAT). Host A is located inside a Local Area Network (LAN) with an IP address of 192.168.1.2. The LAN is connected to the Wide Area Network (WAN), i.e. the Internet, through a router R1 that conducts NAT. R1 has two interfaces with an internal LAN IP address (192.168.1.1) and and external WAN IP address (127.45.10.35). Host B is located outside the LAN and is a well-known server, e.g., Google's server. Host B has an IP address of 130.160.23.45. Port numbers for the application components running at both hosts are provided in the figure. For a single message M1 being sent from Host A to Host B, please fill in the blanks in the illustration below with the source IP address and Port number at Host A and at the Router R1. Any information not provided may be assumed, however, please state your assumption clearly. Local Area Network (LAN) Host A (Source) IP: 192.168.1.2 Port: 5252 192.168.1.1 R1 Wide Area Network (WAN) Host B (Destination) IP: 130.160.23.45 Port: 8080

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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Question

**Network Address Translation (NAT) Illustration: Communication from Host A to Host B**

This diagram visually outlines the process of a message transmission from Host A to Host B using Network Address Translation (NAT).

- **Host A** is part of a Local Area Network (LAN) with the IP address 192.168.1.2 and using port 5252.
- The LAN connects to the Wide Area Network (WAN) through a router, labeled as R1.
- **R1** features dual interfaces:
- Internal LAN IP address: 192.168.1.1
- External WAN IP address: 127.45.10.35

- **Host B** exists outside of the LAN and acts as a well-known server, illustrated here by an IP address of 130.160.23.45, using port 8080.

### Diagram Explanation

The diagram contains two primary sections:

1. **Local Area Network (LAN)**
- Host A (Source)
- IP: 192.168.1.2
- Port: 5252
- Router R1 connects the LAN to the WAN via IP 192.168.1.1.

2. **Wide Area Network (WAN)**
- Host B (Destination)
- IP: 130.160.23.45
- Port: 8080

### Instructions for NAT Operation

For a single message (M1) transmitted from Host A to Host B:
- Fill in the blanks for both the source and destination IP addresses and ports at Host A and at Router R1.
- You are encouraged to assume any information not provided explicitly, but assumptions must be stated clearly.

(Note: This information is to facilitate understanding of NAT in networking contexts. It showcases how internal and external IPs interact through NAT to enable secure and efficient data transmission across networks.)

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