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REFER TO THE SCHEME FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF LIDOCAINE SHOWN BELOW NO2 SnCl,/ HCI LNH3 CI NH2 Кон CH;COOH CH;COOH 1 2 3 2,6-Dimethy- 2,6-Dimethy- nitrobenzene aniline toluene 5 a-Chloro-2,6- Lidocaine dimethylacetanilide

REFER TO THE SCHEME FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF LIDOCAINE SHOWN BELOW NO2 SnCl,/ HCI LNH3 CI NH2 Кон CH;COOH CH;COOH 1 2 3 2,6-Dimethy- 2,6-Dimethy- nitrobenzene aniline toluene 5 a-Chloro-2,6- Lidocaine dimethylacetanilide

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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REFER TO THE SCHEME FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF LIDOCAINE SHOWN BELOW NO2 SnCl,/ HCI NH3 CI NH2 Кон CH,COOH CH;COOH 1 2 3 2,6-Dimethy- 2,6-Dimethy- nitrobenzene aniline H toluene 5 a-Chloro-2,6- Lidocaine dimethylacetanilide
Transcribed Image Text:REFER TO THE SCHEME FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF LIDOCAINE SHOWN BELOW NO2 SnCl,/ HCI NH3 CI NH2 Кон CH,COOH CH;COOH 1 2 3 2,6-Dimethy- 2,6-Dimethy- nitrobenzene aniline H toluene 5 a-Chloro-2,6- Lidocaine dimethylacetanilide
10. Although lidocaine is marketed as its hydrochloride salt, it doesn't exhibit the same level of physiological activity as the free amine. The free amine is more lipophilic and diffuses across a neuron cell membrane more rapidly than the ionic salt, resulting in a more rapid onset of anesthesia. Therefore, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is added to a solution of lidocaine prior to injection. How does the addition of sodium bicarbonate promote a faster anesthetic effect?
Transcribed Image Text:10. Although lidocaine is marketed as its hydrochloride salt, it doesn't exhibit the same level of physiological activity as the free amine. The free amine is more lipophilic and diffuses across a neuron cell membrane more rapidly than the ionic salt, resulting in a more rapid onset of anesthesia. Therefore, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is added to a solution of lidocaine prior to injection. How does the addition of sodium bicarbonate promote a faster anesthetic effect?
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