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- 2Trade has income distribution effects. For example, suppose that because of a government-negotiated reduction in trade barriers, trade between Germany and the Czech Republic increases. Germany sells house paint to the Czech Republic. The Czech Republic sells alarm clocks to Germany. Would you expect this pattern of trade to increase or decrease jobs and wages in the paint industry in Germany? The alarm clock industry in Germany? The paint industry in Czech Republic? The alarm clock industry in Czech Republic? What has to happen for there to be no increase in total unemployment in both countries?Suppose Zambia is open to free trade in the world market for soybeans. Since Zambia is small relative to the international market, the demand for and supply of soybeans in Zambia have no impact on the world price. The following graph shows the domestic market for soybeans in Zambia. The world price of a ton of soybeans is PW = $250. Use the following graph to show the effects of the $ 10 tariff. Use the black line (plus symbol) to indicate the world price plus the tariff. Then, use the green points (triangle symbols) to show the consumer surplus with the tariff and the purple triangle (diamond symbols) to show the producer surplus with the tariff. Lastly, use the orange quadrilateral (square symbols) to shade the area representing government revenue received from the tariff and the tan points (rectangle symbols) to shade the areas representing deadweight loss (DWL) caused by the tariff.
- E1 Kazakhstan is a “small” country that cannot affect world prices. Their demand for coffee is given by D : QD = 400–10P and their supply of coffee is given by S : QS = 50 + 5P. The world price of coffee is $10. a) If Kazakhstan engage in free trade, determine whether Kazakhstan imports or exports coffee, and in what quantity. Suppose Kazakhstan imposes an import quota on coffee of 50 units. b) Determine the price of coffee in Kazakhstan. c) Determine the size (numerically) of the quota rents. d) Determine the overall effect on welfare in Kazakhstan (again, with a numerical value) of the quota, relative to free trade. [Hint: it might be VERY helpful to draw an accurate graph, or use a graphing program to help you identify and calculate the relevant areas you are looking for]If the government of brazil allows free trade and the world price is $10, then5. Effects of a tariff on international trade The following graph shows the domestic supply of and demand for soybeans in Guatemala. Guatemala is open to international trade of soybeans without any restrictions. The world price (Pw) of soybeans is $525 per ton and is represented by the horizontal black line. Throughout this problem, assume that the amount demanded by any one country does not affect the world price of soybeans and that there are no transportation or transaction costs associated with international trade in soybeans. Also, assume that domestic suppliers will satisfy domestic demand as much as possible before any exporting or importing takes place. Use the graph input tool to help you answer the following questions. You will not be graded on any changes you make to this graph. Note: Once you enter a value in a white field, the graph and any corresponding amounts in each grey field will change accordingly. PRICE (Dollars per ton) 840 805 770 735 700 665 630 595 560 525 490…
- What are the advantages of trade? Explain how trade impacts U.S. consumers, U.S. producers, importing or exporting firms? What happens when nations impose barriers to trade (also give examples of these barriers)?Suppose Kenya is open to free trade in the world market for wheat. Because of Kenya's small size, the demand for and supply of wheat in Kenya do not affect the world price. The following graph shows the domestic wheat market in Kenya. The world price of wheat is Pw = $250 per ton. Throughout this problem, assume that changes in trade policies in other nations do not significantly affect the world market for wheat and that there are no transportation or transaction costs associated with international trade in wheat. Also assume that domestic supplies will satisfy domestic demand as much as possible before any exporting or importing takes place. On the following graph, use the green triangle (triangle symbols) to shade the area representing consumer surplus (CS) when the economy is at the free-trade equilibrium. Then, use the purple triangle (diamond symbols) to shade the area representing domestic producer surplus (PS). (?) PRICE (Dollars per ton) 490 400 430 400 370 340 310 280 250 220…The United States has historically imposed import tariffs on goods that include tobacco, canned tuna, steel, and aluminum. Suppose the market for tobacco is illustrated by the accompanying graph. a. As shown, the world price is $2 per pound. Suppose the U.S. imposes a tariff of $1 per pound. Adjust the price line labeled "World price with tariff" (at the top of the graph) to reflect this tariff. b. Use the letters and values in the graph to fill in the following table. Without tariff With import tariff Price Quantity demanded Quantity supplied Domestic consumer surplus Domestic producer surplus Government revenue Total economic surplus c. If the government decides to replace the tariff with a quota that will have the same effect on the market as the tariff, the quota should restrict imports to____________________( 1million pounds, 2 million…
- The following graph shows the domestic demand for and supply of oranges in Guatemala. The world price (Pw) of oranges is $550 per ton and is displayed as a horizontal black line. Throughout the question, assume that all countries under consideration are small, that is, the amount demanded by any one country does not affect the world price of oranges and that there are no transportation or transaction costs associated with International trade in oranges. Also, assume that domestic suppliers will satisfy domestic demand as much as possible before any exporting or importing takes place. PRICE (Dollars per ton) 820 790 760 730 700 670 640 610 580 550 520 0 Domestic Demand 1 Domestic Supply PW 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 QUANTITY (Tons of oranges) A tariff set at this level would raise (~.) ? If Guatemala is open to International trade In oranges without any restrictions, it will import Suppose the Guatemalan government wants to reduce imports to exactly 60 tons of oranges to help…NoneSuppose a large country A initially imposed a tariff on its imports and is now considering removing its tariff. Use a domestic-market graph to a) show the effect of country A’s tariff removal on the world’s price, country A’s import price, import quantity, consumer surplus, producer surplus, and government revenue. b) identify country A’s net welfare change as a result of its tariff removal. Is country A unambiguously better off? c) Use a different graph to show how foreign producers will be affected by country A’s tariff removal? d) What factor determines the level of optimal tariff for country A? Please make sure to graph fpr both parts "a" and "c"