Rectangular footing (4m x 5m) was supported by a saturated clay layer with a thickness of 5m. If the second layer (below the clay) was a saturated sand. The settlement that could be occurred in this site: a. Is only consolidation settlement b. None of the given answers are correct c. Is a short term settlement d. Is only long term settlement

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Q: 45 Draw the front view and top view from the following view. 60 15 45 15 2HOLES, DIA 15 15 45 15

A: Q1)

Calculation of Settlement

The vertical displacement of the structural foundation due to the loading from the superstructure is known as settlement. It is due to the reduction of air voids present in the soil. The amount of vertical displacement depends on the bearing capacity of the soil on which the foundation is laid. The effect of the settlement depends on the magnitude of settlement, uniformity, and the structural design of the structure. The maximum allowable settlement for residential and office buildings should be less than 18 mm, for industrial buildings, it is 38 mm and for commercial buildings, it is 25 mm.