Rather than try to quantify the number and concentration of the very diverse community of microbes in a bioreactor, they are normally estimated using a surrogate measure such as A. Total dissolved solids B. Total suspended solids C. Volatile dissolved solids D. Volatile suspended solids

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Micelles and Biological Membrane

Micelles are the type of lipid molecules that organize themselves in spherical shape in aqueous solutions. The production of the micelle is a reply to the amphipathic behavior of fatty acids. It means that they consist of both hydrophobic regions and hydrophilic regions. In micelles, polar head groups (hydrophilic groups) produce an outer layer associated with water whereas nonpolar tails (hydrophobic groups) are organized in the interior.