**Title: Ranking Effective Nuclear Charge in Different Atoms****Objective:**Understand and rank the effective nuclear charge $ Z^* $ experienced by a valence electron in various atoms.**Instructions:**Below is a table listing different atoms and a dropdown menu to rank the effective nuclear charge experienced by a valence electron in each atom. The ranking is from 1 (highest) to 4 (lowest).**Table:**| Atom | $ Z^* $ Experienced by a Valence Electron ||-------------------|--------------------------------------------|| An atom of argon | (pick one) || An atom of chlorine | (pick one) || An atom of sulfur | (pick one) || An atom of sodium | (pick one) |**Dropdown Options:**- 1 (highest)- 2- 3- 4 (lowest)**Task:**For each atom, select a rank from the dropdown menu based on the effective nuclear charge experienced by its valence electron. Use your knowledge of atomic structure and periodic trends to determine the ranking.**Note:**Effective nuclear charge is influenced by factors such as the number of protons and the electron shielding effect.

Effective nuclear charge is the net charge that an outermost shell electron experience. Across a period, as we move left to right, the number of shells are same. But the atomic number increases which increases the number of electrons in the same shell and also the number of protons in the nucleus. Thus, there is a greater effective nuclear charge due to greater attraction of the electron shell towards the nucleus.Given atoms are Chlorine (Cl), Argon (Ar), Sulfur (S) and Sodium (Na) we need to determine the order of effective nuclear charge experienced by these atoms. These atoms belong to the same period (no. 3) Atomic number of Cl = 17 Atomic number of Ar = 18 Atomic number of S = 16 Atomic number of Na = 11 The atomic number increases in the order : Na > S > Cl > Ar And nuclear effective charge increases with an increase in atomic number across a period. Therefore, Na experience the smallest nuclear effective charge and Ne experiences the most effective nuclear charge and the order will be : Ar > Cl > S > Na

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Chemistry

Rank the effective nuclear charge Z experienced by a valence electron in each of these atoms: z* experienced by a valence electron. atom An atom of argon. v (pick one) 1 (highest) An atom of chlorine. 4 (lowest) An atom of sulfur. (pick one) v An atom of sodium. (pick one)

Rank the effective nuclear charge Z experienced by a valence electron in each of these atoms: z* experienced by a valence electron. atom An atom of argon. v (pick one) 1 (highest) An atom of chlorine. 4 (lowest) An atom of sulfur. (pick one) v An atom of sodium. (pick one)

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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