random times over the last 1010 years. The rate of star formation is simply the number of stars divided by 1010 years. The fraction of stars with detected extrasolar planets is at least 10 %. The rate of star formation can be multiplied by this fraction to find the rate planet formation. How often (in years) does a planetary system form in our galaxy? Assume the Milky Way contains 9 × 1011 stars.

Q: Describe the life cycles of both low mass and high mass stars, understand how their properties…

A: The star is the hot bodies of glowing gas that start their life in Nebulae. The enormous cloud of…

Q: Suppose that the outer stars of a galaxy have an orbital velocity of 150 km/s. If the radius of the…

A: Given data: rgalaxy=4 kpcv=150 km/s Need to determine the orbital period of the outer stars.

Q: A planetary nebula expanded in radius 0.3 arc seconds in 30 years.  Doppler measurements show the…

A: The rate of expansion, vkm/s=35.0 km/s   The expansion radius, r=0.3 arc s   The time duration,…

Q: Think of our Milky Way Galaxy as a flat circular disk of diameter 100,000 light-years. Suppose we…

A: There are many units to calculate length. Bigger units like astronomical unit, parsec, etc are used…

Q: Assume a flat FRW universe, dominated by radiation throughout its history. Calculate the physical,…

A: The objective of the question is to calculate the physical, cosmological horizon size at a given…

Q: An important part of the lifecycle of galaxies like the Milky Way is the self regulation of…

A: Required : The correct choice.

Q: The traditional theory of the formation of our galaxy CANNOT explain   a. the existence of the disk…

A: a. The existence of the disk of the galaxy

Q: Suppose we find an Earth-like planet around one of our nearest stellar neighbors, Alpha Centauri…

A:

Q: A giant molecular cloud is 30 pc in diameter and has a density of 339 hydrogen molecules/cm^3. What…

A: Concept used: Mass is found by multiplying by density and volume of sphere.

Q: A 25 W speaker emits sound isotropically. What is the sound intensity level at a distance of 32 m?…

A:

Q: If a standard passenger aircraft can fly at 0.27 km/s (604 mph), how long (in yr) would it take to…

A: The problem is based upon distance time relation. We know that distance is the length. For very…

Q: given: a (distance to center of galaxy in AU) = 1,717,914,439 AU P (suns orbital period in years)…

A: Given: a (distance to center of galaxy in AU) = 1,717,914,439 AU P (suns orbital period in years) =…

Q: The matter density in the Universe today is ?m=2.7×10−27kgm−3. What would be the value of the…

A: Given that the matter density in the Universe today is 2.7×10-27 kg/m3 and the Hubble constant is 38…

Q: Indicate whether the following statements are true or false.   (Select T-True, F-False. If the…

A: T T T F T T

Q: If a galaxy is 8.6 Mpc away from Earth and recedes at 511 km/s, what is H. (in km/s/Mpc)? 59.42 v…

A: Concept:  Since Given itself in the question H∘=59.42 km/s/Mpc Hubble Time is 16500000000 Years. We…

Q: Pretend that galaxies are spaced evenly, 2.0 Mpc apart, and the average mass of a galaxy is 1.0 x…

A: We know that:-Spherical galaxy average density,ρ=M43πr23         Equation 1r=2.0 Mpcconvert Mpc to…

Q: At the average density of a star-forming molecular cloud, about 900 atoms per cm3, determine how…

A: Given:- M=2 times 1030 kg density=900 atoms/cm3= 1.51 times 10-18 kg/m3 Find radius of the sphere…

Q: By READING the R vs t graph shown below, determine Ro & the mean life. Ro =  ? decays/s mean life…

A: Given, Activity R vs time t graph

Q: Stars formed after the Big Bang had cooled down. From globular cluster dating and from stellar…

A: All of the matter and energy in the universe was once confined to a singularity with infinite…

Q: Let's say that the number density of galaxies in the universe is, on average, 3 × 10–68 galaxies/m3.…

A: Given :number density of galaxies, n = 3 × 10–68 galaxies/m3            Observable distance by…

Q: True or False 8. Almost all stars are in binary systems. The book says: "So far you have been…

A: The statement: All stars are in binary systems. The book says: "So far you have been considering the…

Q: Suppose that stars were born at random times over the last 1010 years. The rate of star formation is…

A: Given that, The total number of stars in the Milky way is N=8×1011 And the stars were born at random…

Q: Consider the Milky Way disk, which has a 50 kpc diameter and a total height of 600 pc. Suppose that…

A:

Q: A giant molecular cloud is 30 pc in diameter and has a density of 330 hydrogen molecules/cm^3. What…

A:

Q: 1.004 1.002 1.000- 0.998 0.996 0.994 0.992 0.990 10 20 30 40 50 t-2458543 [BJD] From the data,…

A: A: Orbital period of the planet can be estimated from the plot. B: The orbital distance of the…

Q: We observe a star that is dstar away. How much extinction would there need to be (i.e., what must 7…

A: A star is observed that is at a distance away.We need to find the value of the extinction required…

Q: 1.  A planetary nebula has an angular diameter of 76 arc seconds and a distance of 5100 ly. What is…

A: 1.Small angle Formula:D=αd2.06×105where, D is the linear diameterα is the angular diameter=76 arc…

Q: Most of the stars we can see with the unaided eye in our night sky are hundreds or even thousands of…

A: The question is asking us to comment on the feasibility and practicality of visiting, communicating…

Q: Consider three periods in the history of the Universe: one million years after the Big Bang (age = 1…

A: In early times, the Universe was expanding at a rapid pace. Then, the rate of expansion of the…

Q: Milky Way galaxy has about 5 x 10° solar masses of gas in total. If 13 solar masses of that gas is…

A: Thousands of stars, dust particles, and gas fill the Milky Way. Observing it from the top or bottom…

Q: **8. A molecule of mass 3 x 10-26 kg is moving toward a wall at a speed of 3 x 105 m/s. It bounces…

A: The mass of molecule,The initial velocity,The final velocity,

Special Relativity

The theory of special relativity discusses how space and time are related to objects traveling along a straight line at a constant speed. Simply stated, as an object reaches the speed of light, its mass becomes infinite and it is unable to move faster than light. This interstellar speed limit has been the topic of much debate in astronomy, and also in science fiction when people consider how to fly over large distances.